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Review
. 2024 Dec 17;16(12):e75854.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.75854. eCollection 2024 Dec.

Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell Therapy in the Treatment of Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL): A Systematic Review

Amir T Ibrahiam  1 , Sunitha Geddada  1 , Najeeb Ullah  2 , Zahraa M Al-Qassab  1 , Osman Ahmed  1 , Safeera Khan  1
Affiliations
Review

Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell Therapy in the Treatment of Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL): A Systematic Review

Amir T Ibrahiam et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has shown very promising results in the treatment of refractory or relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness and side effects of CAR T-cell therapies, focusing on factors affecting both clinical outcomes and adverse effects. This review included data from 14 studies involving 1392 patients with DLBCL who underwent CAR T-cell therapy. These studies include both randomized clinical trials and observational studies, which would help to analyze the effectiveness and safety profiles. The review highlights that CAR T-cell therapies, mainly tisagenlecleucel (Tisa-cel) and axicabtagene ciloleucel (Axi-cel), have shown superior effectiveness in comparison to standard chemotherapy in patients with relapsed or refractory DLBCL. Lisocabtagene maraleucel (Liso-cel) showed significant improvement outcomes in event-free and progression-free survival. However, CAR T-cell therapies are associated with many side effects. The most common side effects include hematologic toxicity, prolonged neutropenia, and infections, while clinical outcomes are highly impacted by many factors, which include a pro-inflammatory state, PPM1D gene mutation, infusion timing, and circulating monocytes.

Keywords: car t-cell therapy; complete response; dlbcl; efficacy; overall survival; side effects.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. PRISMA flowchart showing the process of article selection
PRISMA: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses;  MDPI: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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