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Review
. 2025 Jan 18;41(2):41.
doi: 10.1007/s11274-024-04242-1.

Integrating the milk microbiome signatures in mastitis: milk-omics and functional implications

Rine Christopher Reuben  1   2 , Carmen Torres  3
Affiliations
Review

Integrating the milk microbiome signatures in mastitis: milk-omics and functional implications

Rine Christopher Reuben et al. World J Microbiol Biotechnol. .

Abstract

Mammalian milk contains a variety of complex bioactive and nutritional components and microorganisms. These microorganisms have diverse compositions and functional roles that impact host health and disease pathophysiology, especially mastitis. The advent and use of high throughput omics technologies, including metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics, metametabolomics, as well as culturomics in milk microbiome studies suggest strong relationships between host phenotype and milk microbiome signatures in mastitis. While single omics studies have undoubtedly contributed to our current understanding of milk microbiome and mastitis, they often provide limited information, targeting only a single biological viewpoint which is insufficient to provide system-wide information necessary for elucidating the biological footprints and molecular mechanisms driving mastitis and milk microbiome dysbiosis. Therefore, integrating a multi-omics approach in milk microbiome research could generate new knowledge, improve the current understanding of the functional and structural signatures of the milk ecosystem, and provide insights for sustainable mastitis control and microbiome management.

Keywords: Health; Mastitis; Microbiome; Milk; Omics.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Competing interests: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. Ethical approval: No ethical approval is required. Consent to participate: Not applicable. Consent to publication: Not applicable.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Experimental flow chart of milk-omics analyses
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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