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Multicenter Study
. 2025 Jan 18;25(1):102.
doi: 10.1186/s12885-025-13462-z.

Incidence and determinants of mortality among patients with colorectal cancer in oncology centers of Amhara region, Ethiopia, 2024: multicenter retrospective follow up study

Getachew Tesfaw Walle  1 , Tegene Atamenta Kitaw  2 , Seteamlak Adane  3
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

Incidence and determinants of mortality among patients with colorectal cancer in oncology centers of Amhara region, Ethiopia, 2024: multicenter retrospective follow up study

Getachew Tesfaw Walle et al. BMC Cancer. .

Abstract

Introduction: Colorectal cancer is a significant cause of mortality globally, with several factors impacting patient outcomes, including access to healthcare, early detection, and treatment. Despite this, the specific factors affecting incidence of death among colorectal cancer patients in the Amhara region have not been thoroughly investigated. Thus, this study seeks to assess incidence and determinants of mortality among colorectal cancer patients in Amhara Region oncology centers.

Results: The mean age of the participants was 48.6 years (SD ± 15). Median survival time was 23.8 months. The overall incidence rate or incidence density of a colorectal cancer mortality rate was 2.9 per 100 person-months (95% CI: 2.5-3.4). Survival rates of colorectal cancer patients 1and 5 year was 69.78% and 16.1%, respectively. The result of the multivariable analysis showed that colorectal cancer patients who had presenting symptoms [AHR = 2.67 (95% CI: 1.95, 3.67)], Base line HGB level < 12.5 mg/dl [AHR = 1.63 (95% CI: 1.12, 2.37)], WHO or ECOG poor performance status [AHR = 2.99 (95% CI: 2.17, 4.12), late stage of cancer [AHR = 2.32 (95% CI: 1.42, 3.79)] and location of tumor on colorectal [AHR = 1.76 (95% CI: 1.20, 2.55)] were significantly associated with mortality of colorectal cancer.

Conclusion and recommendation: The study highlights significant findings on the survival and mortality of colorectal cancer patients. The overall mortality rate was 2.9 per 100 person-months. Multivariable analysis identified presenting symptoms, low baseline hemoglobin levels, poor performance status, late-stage cancer, and tumor location as significant predictors of mortality. Highlighting the need for early detection and targeted care strategies.

Keywords: Cancer; Colorectal; Determinant; Incidence; Mortality.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Ethical approval: The study was reviewed and approved by the Woldia University Institutional Review Board (IRB) under protocol number WDU/IRB003/02. Due to the nature of the study and in accordance with national regulations, the IRB granted a waiver for the requirement of informed consent. Information obtained from the records was kept anonymous and confidential. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Distance to treatment center incidence and determinants of mortality among colorectal cancer patients who had follow-up in oncology units of Amhara region, Ethiopia, 2024
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Chemotherapy regimen incidence and determinants of mortality among colorectal cancer patients who had follow-up in oncology units of Amhara region, Ethiopia, 2024
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Overall Kaplan-Meier estimate of failure probability among colorectal cancer patients who had follow-up in oncology units of Amhara region, Ethiopia, 2024. (N = 484)
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Kaplan-Meier estimate of failure probability by presenting symptom among colorectal cancer patients who had follow-up in oncology units of Amhara region, Ethiopia, 2024. (N = 484)
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Kaplan-Meier estimate of failure probability by tumor location among colorectal cancer patients who had follow-up in oncology nits of Amhara Region, Ethiopia, 2024
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Kaplan-Meier estimate of failure probability by WHO or ECOG performance status among colorectal cancer patients who had follow-up in oncology units of Amhara region, Ethiopia, 2024
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
Kaplan-Meier estimate of failures probability by Baseline HGB level among colorectal cancer patients who had follow-up in oncology units of Amhara region, Ethiopia, 2024
Fig. 8
Fig. 8
Kaplan-Meier estimate of failure probability by cancer stage among colorectal cancer patients who had follow-up in oncology units of Amhara region, Ethiopia, 2024
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