The relationship between the supination resistance test, lower limb biomechanics and the effects of foot orthoses on foot and ankle biomechanics in individuals with posterior tibialis tendon dysfunction during gait
- PMID: 39827773
- DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.01.021
The relationship between the supination resistance test, lower limb biomechanics and the effects of foot orthoses on foot and ankle biomechanics in individuals with posterior tibialis tendon dysfunction during gait
Abstract
Background: Posterior tibialis tendon dysfunction (PTTD) is a debilitating condition that leads to biomechanical changes, for which foot orthoses are often prescribed to attenuate. There is a need to improve the ability to predict these biomechanical alterations, determine the biomechanical effectiveness of foot orthoses, and anticipate their effects on individuals with PTTD during gait.
Research question: Is the supination resistance test (SRT) reliable, and capable of predicting foot and ankle biomechanics, as well as the biomechanical effects of foot orthoses in individuals with PTTD during gait?
Methods: Twenty-one individuals with PTTD participated with supination resistance measured over two sessions. Midfoot and ankle angles, and moments, were analyzed during gait. SRT test-retest reliability was evaluated, and the biomechanical effects of foot orthoses were assessed using statistical parametric mapping. SRT correlations with foot and ankle biomechanics and foot orthoses effects were examined.
Results: The SRT demonstrated excellent intrarater reliability. Positive correlations were noted between the SRT and midfoot sagittal and frontal angles, while a negative correlation was observed with ankle sagittal and frontal angles. In the foot orthoses condition, midfoot dorsiflexion, external rotation, ankle eversion angles, and inversion moments were reduced. A negative correlation was identified between SRT and foot orthoses effects on the ankle frontal angle.
Significance: The SRT is useful for predicting foot and ankle biomechanics, as well as the effects of foot orthoses on ankle frontal angles during gait in individuals with PTTD. These findings emphasize the clinical and research relevance of assessing supination resistance in PTTD management.
Keywords: Biomechanics; Foot orthoses; Posterior tibialis tendon dysfunction; Supination resistance; Walking.
Copyright © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Conflict of interest statement
Declaration of Competing Interest We wish to confirm that there are no known conflicts of interest associated with this publication and there has been no significant financial support for this work that could have influenced its outcome. We confirm that the manuscript has been read and approved by all named authors and that there are no other persons who satisfied the criteria for authorship but are not listed. We further confirm that the order of authors listed in the manuscript has been approved by all of us. We confirm that we have given due consideration to the protection of intellectual property associated with this work and that there are no impediments to publication, including the timing of publication, with respect to intellectual property. In so doing we confirm that we have followed the regulations of our institutions concerning intellectual property. We further confirm that any aspect of the work covered in this manuscript that has involved human patients has been conducted with the ethical approval of all relevant bodies and that such approvals are acknowledged within the manuscript. We understand that the Corresponding Author is the sole contact for the Editorial process (including Editorial Manager and direct communications with the office). He is responsible for communicating with the other authors about progress, submissions of revisions and final approval of proofs. We confirm that we have provided a current, correct email address which is accessible by the Corresponding Author and which has been configured to accept email from gabriel.moisan@uqtr.ca.
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