Ironing Out the Controversies Surrounding the Iron Deficiency Definition in Heart Failure

Micha T Maeder^{1

2}, Frederik H Verbrugge^{3

4}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Cardiology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, Switzerland (M.T.M.).
² University of Basel, Switzerland (M.T.M.).
³ Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospital Brussels, Jette, Belgium (F.H.V.).
⁴ Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium (F.H.V.).

Editorial

Micha T Maeder et al. Circ Heart Fail. 2025 Feb.

. 2025 Feb;18(2):e012675.

doi: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.124.012675. Epub 2025 Jan 20.

Micha T Maeder^{1

2}, Frederik H Verbrugge^{3

4}

¹ Department of Cardiology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, Switzerland (M.T.M.).
² University of Basel, Switzerland (M.T.M.).
³ Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospital Brussels, Jette, Belgium (F.H.V.).
⁴ Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium (F.H.V.).

No abstract available

Keywords: Editorials; cytokines; glucose; iron; prognosis.

Conflict of interest statement

None.

Transferrin Saturation, Serum Iron, and Ferritin in Heart Failure: Prognostic Significance and Proteomic Associations.
Gan S, Azzo JD, Zhao L, Pourmussa B, Dib MJ, Salman O, Erten O, Ebert C, Richards AM, Javaheri A, Mann DL, Rietzschel E, Zamani P, van Empel V, Cappola TP, Chirinos JA. Gan S, et al. Circ Heart Fail. 2025 Feb;18(2):e011728. doi: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.124.011728. Epub 2025 Jan 20. Circ Heart Fail. 2025. PMID: 39831311