Vitreomacular traction - a review

Abstract

Vitreomacular traction (VMT) is characterised by abnormal adhesion of the posterior cortical vitreous with the macula causing distortion of the foveal contour and associated with symptoms of reduction in visual acuity and/or metamorphopsia. This review article explores the pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnostic and treatment options for VMT. Advances in imaging modalities such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) have revolutionized the understanding of the vitreoretinal interface abnormalities and helps in monitoring the disease progression. The natural history of VMT is variable and either there can be a spontaneous resolution or can present with cystoid oedema or can progress to epiretinal membrane (ERM) or macular hole. In the current manuscript, we perform a major review of the existing literature on VMT and adding the details about the current investigative modalities and surgical techniques.