Cardiometabolic benefits of a non-industrialized-type diet are linked to gut microbiome modulation

Fuyong Li¹, Anissa M Armet², Katri Korpela³, Junhong Liu², Rodrigo Margain Quevedo², Francesco Asnicar⁴, Benjamin Seethaler⁵, Tianna B S Rusnak², Janis L Cole², Zhihong Zhang⁶, Shuang Zhao⁷, Xiaohang Wang⁷, Adele Gagnon², Edward C Deehan⁸, João F Mota⁹, Jeffrey A Bakal¹⁰, Russell Greiner¹¹, Dan Knights¹², Nicola Segata⁴, Stephan C Bischoff⁵, Laurie Mereu¹³, Andrea M Haqq¹⁴, Catherine J Field², Liang Li¹⁵, Carla M Prado², Jens Walter¹⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
² Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
³ Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Uusimaa, Finland.
⁴ Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento 38123, Trentino, Italy.
⁵ Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart 70599, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
⁶ Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
⁷ The Metabolomics Innovation Centre, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada.
⁸ Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA.
⁹ APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Munster, Ireland; Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás 74605-080, Brazil.
¹⁰ Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada.
¹¹ Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; Alberta Machine Intelligence Institute, Edmonton, AB T5J 3B1, Canada.
¹² Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Biotechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA.
¹³ Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada.
¹⁴ Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada.
¹⁵ The Metabolomics Innovation Centre, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada.
¹⁶ Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Munster, Ireland; School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Munster, Ireland; Department of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Munster, Ireland; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada. Electronic address: jenswalter@ucc.ie.

PMID: 39855197
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.12.034

Free article

Randomized Controlled Trial

Cardiometabolic benefits of a non-industrialized-type diet are linked to gut microbiome modulation

Fuyong Li et al. Cell. 2025.

Free article

. 2025 Mar 6;188(5):1226-1247.e18.

doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.12.034. Epub 2025 Jan 23.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
² Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
³ Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Uusimaa, Finland.
⁴ Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento 38123, Trentino, Italy.
⁵ Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart 70599, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
⁶ Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
⁷ The Metabolomics Innovation Centre, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada.
⁸ Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA.
⁹ APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Munster, Ireland; Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás 74605-080, Brazil.
¹⁰ Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada.
¹¹ Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; Alberta Machine Intelligence Institute, Edmonton, AB T5J 3B1, Canada.
¹² Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Biotechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA.
¹³ Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada.
¹⁴ Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada.
¹⁵ The Metabolomics Innovation Centre, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada.
¹⁶ Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Munster, Ireland; School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Munster, Ireland; Department of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Munster, Ireland; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada. Electronic address: jenswalter@ucc.ie.

PMID: 39855197
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.12.034

Abstract

Industrialization adversely affects the gut microbiome and predisposes individuals to chronic non-communicable diseases. We tested a microbiome restoration strategy comprising a diet that recapitulated key characteristics of non-industrialized dietary patterns (restore diet) and a bacterium rarely found in industrialized microbiomes (Limosilactobacillus reuteri) in a randomized controlled feeding trial in healthy Canadian adults. The restore diet, despite reducing gut microbiome diversity, enhanced the persistence of L. reuteri strain from rural Papua New Guinea (PB-W1) and redressed several microbiome features altered by industrialization. The diet also beneficially altered microbiota-derived plasma metabolites implicated in the etiology of chronic non-communicable diseases. Considerable cardiometabolic benefits were observed independently of L. reuteri administration, several of which could be accurately predicted by baseline and diet-responsive microbiome features. The findings suggest that a dietary intervention targeted toward restoring the gut microbiome can improve host-microbiome interactions that likely underpin chronic pathologies, which can guide dietary recommendations and the development of therapeutic and nutritional strategies.

Keywords: Limosilactobacillus reuteri; cardiometabolic health; chronic disease; diet; dietary intervention; fiber; gut microbiome; microbiome restoration; non-industrialized diet; nutrition.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of interests NiMe is a trademark of A.M.A and J.W. J.W. is an owner of a patent on Limosilactobacillus reuteri PB-W1 (NCIMB 42835), licensed to Novonesis A/S, of which income will be shared with the research institutes in Papua New Guinea and Canada that were involved in isolation and characterization of the strain. J.W. has further received honoraria and/or paid consultancy from PrecisionBiotics/Novonesis A/S. A.G. is an employee of Danone Specialized Nutrition. C.M.P. has previously received honoraria and/or paid consultancy from Abbott Nutrition, Nutricia, Nestlé Health Science, Pfizer, AMRA Medical, and Novo Nordisk unrelated to this work.

Publication types

Actions

MeSH terms

Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources
- Elsevier Science

Save citation to file

Email citation

Add to Collections

Add to My Bibliography

Your saved search

Create a file for external citation management software

Your RSS Feed

Cardiometabolic benefits of a non-industrialized-type diet are linked to gut microbiome modulation

Affiliations

Cardiometabolic benefits of a non-industrialized-type diet are linked to gut microbiome modulation

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

Publication types

MeSH terms

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources