COVID-19: Lessons Learned from Molecular and Clinical Research

doi:10.3390/ijms26020616

Editorial

. 2025 Jan 13;26(2):616.

doi: 10.3390/ijms26020616.

COVID-19: Lessons Learned from Molecular and Clinical Research

Manuela Rizzi^{1

2}, Pier Paolo Sainaghi^{2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 28100 Novara, Italy.
² IRCAD (Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases), Università del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 28100 Novara, Italy.
³ Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 28100 Novara, Italy.

PMID: 39859329
PMCID: PMC11765519
DOI: 10.3390/ijms26020616

Editorial

COVID-19: Lessons Learned from Molecular and Clinical Research

Manuela Rizzi et al. Int J Mol Sci. 2025.

. 2025 Jan 13;26(2):616.

doi: 10.3390/ijms26020616.

Authors

Manuela Rizzi^{1

2}, Pier Paolo Sainaghi^{2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 28100 Novara, Italy.
² IRCAD (Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases), Università del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 28100 Novara, Italy.
³ Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 28100 Novara, Italy.

PMID: 39859329
PMCID: PMC11765519
DOI: 10.3390/ijms26020616

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 virus, the etiological agent of the novel coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), was first identified in late 2019, following the sudden appearance of a cluster of pneumonia cases of unknown origin in China [...].

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

References

1. Lamers M.M., Haagmans B.L. SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2022;20:270–284. doi: 10.1038/s41579-022-00713-0. - DOI - PubMed
1. Burki T. WHO ends the COVID-19 public health emergency. Lancet Respir. Med. 2023;11:588. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(23)00217-5. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Chen J., Wang R., Hozumi Y., Liu G., Qiu Y., Wei X., Wei G.W. Emerging dominant SARS-CoV-2 variants. J. Chem. Inf. Model. 2023;63:335–342. doi: 10.1021/acs.jcim.2c01352. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Rizzi M., Tonello S., Brinno C., Zecca E., Matino E., Cittone M., Rizzi E., Casciaro G.F., D’Onghia D., Colangelo D., et al. SARS-CoV-2 infection risk is higher in vaccinated patients with inflammatory autoimmune diseases or liver transplantation treated with mycophenolate due to an impaired antiviral immune response: Results of the extended follow up of the RIVALSA prospective cohort. Front. Immunol. 2023;14:1185278. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1185278. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Arevalo-Rodriguez I., Mateos-Haro M., Dinnes J., Ciapponi A., Davenport C., Buitrago-Garcia D., Bennouna-Dalero T., Roqué-Figuls M., Van den Bruel A., von Eije K.J., et al. Laboratory-based molecular test alternatives to RT-PCR for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2024;10:CD015618. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD015618. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

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[1] Lamers M.M., Haagmans B.L. SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2022;20:270–284. doi: 10.1038/s41579-022-00713-0. - DOI - PubMed

[2] Lamers M.M., Haagmans B.L. SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2022;20:270–284. doi: 10.1038/s41579-022-00713-0. - DOI - PubMed

[3] Burki T. WHO ends the COVID-19 public health emergency. Lancet Respir. Med. 2023;11:588. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(23)00217-5. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[4] Burki T. WHO ends the COVID-19 public health emergency. Lancet Respir. Med. 2023;11:588. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(23)00217-5. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[5] Chen J., Wang R., Hozumi Y., Liu G., Qiu Y., Wei X., Wei G.W. Emerging dominant SARS-CoV-2 variants. J. Chem. Inf. Model. 2023;63:335–342. doi: 10.1021/acs.jcim.2c01352. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[6] Chen J., Wang R., Hozumi Y., Liu G., Qiu Y., Wei X., Wei G.W. Emerging dominant SARS-CoV-2 variants. J. Chem. Inf. Model. 2023;63:335–342. doi: 10.1021/acs.jcim.2c01352. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[7] Rizzi M., Tonello S., Brinno C., Zecca E., Matino E., Cittone M., Rizzi E., Casciaro G.F., D’Onghia D., Colangelo D., et al. SARS-CoV-2 infection risk is higher in vaccinated patients with inflammatory autoimmune diseases or liver transplantation treated with mycophenolate due to an impaired antiviral immune response: Results of the extended follow up of the RIVALSA prospective cohort. Front. Immunol. 2023;14:1185278. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1185278. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[8] Rizzi M., Tonello S., Brinno C., Zecca E., Matino E., Cittone M., Rizzi E., Casciaro G.F., D’Onghia D., Colangelo D., et al. SARS-CoV-2 infection risk is higher in vaccinated patients with inflammatory autoimmune diseases or liver transplantation treated with mycophenolate due to an impaired antiviral immune response: Results of the extended follow up of the RIVALSA prospective cohort. Front. Immunol. 2023;14:1185278. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1185278. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[9] Arevalo-Rodriguez I., Mateos-Haro M., Dinnes J., Ciapponi A., Davenport C., Buitrago-Garcia D., Bennouna-Dalero T., Roqué-Figuls M., Van den Bruel A., von Eije K.J., et al. Laboratory-based molecular test alternatives to RT-PCR for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2024;10:CD015618. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD015618. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[10] Arevalo-Rodriguez I., Mateos-Haro M., Dinnes J., Ciapponi A., Davenport C., Buitrago-Garcia D., Bennouna-Dalero T., Roqué-Figuls M., Van den Bruel A., von Eije K.J., et al. Laboratory-based molecular test alternatives to RT-PCR for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2024;10:CD015618. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD015618. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

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COVID-19: Lessons Learned from Molecular and Clinical Research

Affiliations

COVID-19: Lessons Learned from Molecular and Clinical Research

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