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Observational Study
. 2025 Jan 25:80:100538.
doi: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2024.100538. eCollection 2025.

Variations of renal Doppler indices during the initial 24-hour predict acute kidney injury in patients with sepsis: A single-center observational case-control clinical study

Xing Chen  1 , Wen Wu  1 , Chao Lei  1 , Chong Li  1 , Zhaohui Zhang  2 , Xingguang Qu  3
Affiliations
Observational Study

Variations of renal Doppler indices during the initial 24-hour predict acute kidney injury in patients with sepsis: A single-center observational case-control clinical study

Xing Chen et al. Clinics (Sao Paulo). .

Abstract

Background and objective: The aim of this retrospective observational case-control study was to examine the significance of different renal Doppler marker variations within the initial 24-hour period as potential predictors of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in patients with sepsis.

Methods: A total of 198 sepsis patients were enrolled and categorized into two groups: the AKI group (n = 136) and the non-AKI group (n = 62). Three renal Doppler indices, Renal Resistive Index (RRI), Power Doppler Ultrasound (PDU) score and Renal Venous Stasis Index (RVSI), were measured within 6h (T0) and at 24h (T1) after ICU admission.

Results: The AKI group had more hypertension patients than the non-AKI group (p = 0.047). The cases of the AKI group showed higher levels of CRP (p = 0.001), PCT (p < 0.001), lactate (p < 0.001), AST (p = 0.003), ALT (p = 0.049), total bilirubin (p = 0.034), BNP (p = 0.019) and cTnI (p = 0.012). The RRI at T1 was significantly higher in the AKI group (p = 0.037). AKI group exhibited a lower incidence of reduced RRI at T1 compared with non-AKI group (p < 0.001). After controlling for age, sex, and BMI through partial correlation analysis, the results indicated significant associations between SA-AKI and CVP (r = -0.473), SOFA score (r = 0.425), lactate (r = 0.378), and RRI reduction (r = -0.344) in sepsis patients. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that variables including CVP, SOFA score, CRP, lactate, VIS, and RRI not reduced following 24h of ICU treatment were predictive indicators for early detection of SA-AKI in sepsis patients.

Conclusion: CVP, SOFA score, CRP, lactate, VIS, and RRI not reduction following 24h of ICU treatment can be utilized as predictive indicators for early detection of SA-AKI in sepsis patients.

Keywords: Acute kidney injury; Initial 24-hour of icu administration; Prediction; Renal Doppler index; Sepsis.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

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Fig. 1
Flowchart of patient inclusion.
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