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Review
. 2025 Jan 26;17(1):100782.
doi: 10.4330/wjc.v17.i1.100782.

Cardiac arrest: Pre-hospital strategies to facilitate successful resuscitation and improve recovery rates

George Latsios  1 , Elias Sanidas  2 , Maria Velliou  3 , George Nikitas  4 , Pavlos Bounas  5 , Charalampos Parisis  6 , Andreas Synetos  7 , Konstantinos Toutouzas  7 , Costas Tsioufis  7
Affiliations
Review

Cardiac arrest: Pre-hospital strategies to facilitate successful resuscitation and improve recovery rates

George Latsios et al. World J Cardiol. .

Abstract

The estimated annual incidence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is approximately 120 cases per 100000 inhabitants in western countries. Although the rates of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and use of automated external defibrillator are increasing, the likelihood of survival to hospital discharge is no more than 8%. To date, various devices and methods have been utilized in the initial CPR approach targeting to improve survival and neurological outcomes in OHCA patients. The aim of this review is to discuss strategies that facilitate resuscitation, increase the chance to achieve return to spontaneous circulation and improve survival to hospital discharge and neurological outcomes in the pre-hospital setting.

Keywords: Automated external defibrillator; Cardiopulmonary resuscitation; Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest; Resuscitation; Survival.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Pre-hospital strategies to facilitate resuscitation and improve outcomes in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. AEDs: Automated external defibrillators; CPR: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation; ECMO: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; ITD: Impedance threshold device; MCPR: Mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation; OHCA: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
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