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. 2024 Sep 19;4(2):100556.
doi: 10.1016/j.gastha.2024.09.011. eCollection 2025.

Text Message System for the Prediction of Colonoscopy Bowel Preparation Adequacy Before Colonoscopy: An Artificial Intelligence Image Classification Algorithm Based on Images of Stool Output

Chethan Ramprasad  1 , Divya Saini  2 , Henry Del Carmen  2 , Lev Krasnovsky  2 , Rajat Chandra  2 , Ryan Mcgregor  2 , Russell T Shinohara  3 , Eric Eaton  4 , Meghna Gummadi  4 , Shivan Mehta  1 , James D Lewis  1
Affiliations

Text Message System for the Prediction of Colonoscopy Bowel Preparation Adequacy Before Colonoscopy: An Artificial Intelligence Image Classification Algorithm Based on Images of Stool Output

Chethan Ramprasad et al. Gastro Hep Adv. .

Abstract

Background and aims: Inadequate bowel preparation which occurs in 25% of colonoscopies is a major barrier to the effectiveness of screening for colorectal cancer. We aim to develop an artificial intelligence (machine learning) algorithm to assess photos of stool output after bowel preparation to predict inadequate bowel preparation before colonoscopy.

Methods: Patients were asked to text a photo of their stool in the commode when they believed that they neared completion of their colonoscopy bowel preparation. Boston Bowel Preparation Scores of 7 and below were labeled as inadequate or fair. Boston Bowel Preparation Scores of 8 and 9 were considered good. A binary classification image-based machine learning algorithm was designed.

Results: In a test set of 61 images, the binary classification machine learning algorithm was able to distinguish inadequate/fair preparation from good preparation with a positive predictive value of 78.6% and a negative predictive value of 60.8%. In a test set of 56 images, the algorithm was able to distinguish normal colonoscopy duration (<25 minutes) from long colonoscopy duration (>25 minutes) with a positive predictive value of 78.6% and a negative predictive value of 65.5%.

Conclusion: Patients are willing to submit photos of their stool output during bowel preparation through text messages before colonoscopy. This machine learning algorithm demonstrates the ability to predict inadequate/fair preparation from good preparation based on image classification of stool output. It was less accurate to predict long duration of colonoscopy.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Bowel Preparation; Colonoscopy; Technology Positive.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Development of artificial intelligence algorithm.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Performance analysis of alternative convolutional neural networks.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Flowchart of patients who submitted photos of stool output out of total patients scheduled for colonoscopy.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Analysis of stool output images by artificial intelligence algorithm.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Algorithm performance for prediction of adequacy of bowel preparation.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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