Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Review of Multi-omics Analyses

Abstract

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is among the most prevalent endocrinological abnormalities of young females, posing a grave public health challenge to the society. The objective of the present literature review is to analyze the enormous amount of information available by way of numerous multi-omic studies, and to explore a meaningful relationship between various factors such as genetic, proteomic, environmental etc. to understand the multifactorial metabolic disorder in a proper manner. Detailed literature search was done in various science article repositories and biomedical databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, BioMed Central, Embase etc. by using several keywords in whole gamut of combinations. PCOS is a heritable disease. It manifests as a result of a combination of several intricately inter-linked symptoms such as anovulation, obesity, type II diabetes, hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovaries etc., the last one being the main manifestation of the disease, thus leading to infertility among several other complications. Such a multifactorial metabolic disorder with extreme symptomatic heterogeneity cannot be fully explained solely based on symptoms or genetic variations; thus, giving some space of thought to other factors such as epigenetic, microbiomic factors etc. playing a role in the causation of the disease. The present scientific survey of literature extensively reviews various aspects of PCOS by critically looking into the vast multi-omic data, and concluded with suggesting treatment options as well as lifestyle changes required to deal with the psychological/ emotional impacts of the condition on affected women.

Keywords: Genomics; Metabolomics; Microbiomics; PCOS; Proteomics; Transcriptomics.