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Review
. 2025 Jan 14:18:1500502.
doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1500502. eCollection 2024.

Non-invasive brain stimulation in cognitive sciences and Alzheimer's disease

Claudia Carrarini  1 , Chiara Pappalettera  1   2 , Domenica Le Pera  1 , Paolo Maria Rossini  1
Affiliations
Review

Non-invasive brain stimulation in cognitive sciences and Alzheimer's disease

Claudia Carrarini et al. Front Hum Neurosci. .

Abstract

Over the last four decades, non-invasive brain stimulation techniques (NIBS) have significantly gained interest in the fields of cognitive sciences and dementia care, including neurorehabilitation, for its emerging potential in increasing the insights over brain functions and in boosting residual cognitive functions. In the present paper, basic physiological and technical mechanisms and different applications of NIBS were reviewed and discussed to highlight the importance of NIBS in multidisciplinary and translational approaches in clinical and research settings of cognitive sciences and neurodegenerative diseases, especially in Alzheimer's disease. Indeed, NIBS strategies may represent a promising opportunity to increase the potential of neuromodulation as efficacious interventions for individualized patients care.

Keywords: cognitive sciences; connectivity; dementia; neurorehabilitation; non-invasive brain stimulation.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) methodologies. NIBS, non-invasive brain stimulation; tACS, alternating current stimulation; tDCS, transcranial direct current stimulation; tFUS, transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation; tRNS, random noise stimulation; rTMS, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation; TMS, transcranial magnetic stimulation; TPS, transcranial pulse stimulation; TBS, theta-burst stimulation; TUS, transcranial ultrasound stimulation.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Fields of applications for non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) in neuroscience.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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