[Community acquired gastroenteritis]

Abstract

Gastrointestinal infections are widespread and a major cause of global mortality, mainly affecting young children and the elderly. In Germany, each resident typically experiences one episode yearly. After COVID-19 pandemic, gastrointestinal infection rates have significantly increased again. Acute gastroenteritis typically presents with sudden stool changes, vomiting, and fever. In Germany, common pathogens include norovirus, rotavirus, Campylobacter spp., and Salmonella spp. New German guidelines on infectious gastroenteritis (published 2023) reflect recent studies and international treatment standards. The diagnosis of acute gastroenteritis should be based on clinical presentation and a thorough medical history, with stool testing reserved for severe cases or suspected outbreaks. Symptomatic treatment and rehydration of the patient are usually sufficient. Antibiotic treatment is generally not recommended except in severe cases, risk situations or the detection of specific pathogens.