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. 2025 Jan 30;25(1):151.
doi: 10.1186/s12909-024-06583-9.

Dermatology education in U.S. ophthalmology residency: a survey of the program directors

Winnie Fan #  1 , Rojina Nekoonam #  1 , Saras Ramanathan  2 , Amanda Twigg  3   4
Affiliations

Dermatology education in U.S. ophthalmology residency: a survey of the program directors

Winnie Fan et al. BMC Med Educ. .

Abstract

Background: Many ocular conditions have associated dermatological findings. However, the inclusion of dermatology education in U.S. Ophthalmology residency programs remains limited. This study aims to characterize dermatology education in U.S. ophthalmology residency programs through program directors' (PDs') opinions.

Method: The authors designed and electronically distributed a national survey in August 2022 to PDs of 124 ophthalmology residency programs. The survey instruments examined the availability and characteristics of dermatology rotation, the PDs' perceptions of such rotation, and their perspectives on trainees' dermatology knowledge. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize survey responses. Sample t-tests were used to compare responses between PDs from programs with and without dermatology rotation.

Results: 49 PDs (39.5%) responded to the survey. Most programs (n = 27 [61.4%]) did not offer dermatology rotations and, of these programs, most (n = 15 [83.3%]) did not consider increasing dermatology exposure important. 57.1% (n = 8) of PDs at residency programs with dermatology rotation considered such education beneficial for their trainees. Most PDs do not consider their residents comfortable with procedures such as laser or cryotherapy, procedures relevant to ocular care.

Conclusion: Dermatology rotations were uncommon among U.S. ophthalmology residencies. Perceptions towards dermatology education varied among PDs, with those from programs with dermatology rotation expressing more favorable opinions.

Keywords: Dermatology knowledge; Interdisciplinary training; Ophthalmology residency education.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This survey study has been approved by the UCSF Institutional Review Board and all respondents provided informed consent. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Residency program characteristics (PDs = program directors)
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Program directors’ (PDs) perspectives on resident dermatology knowledge and dermatology rotation
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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