Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2024 Dec 1;27(12):667-673.
doi: 10.34172/aim.31907. Epub 2024 Dec 1.

Clinical Profile and Outcomes of Pulmonary Embolism in Central Iran: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Abbas Andishmand  1 , Leila Sharifi  1 , Seyedeh Mahdieh Namayandeh  1
Affiliations

Clinical Profile and Outcomes of Pulmonary Embolism in Central Iran: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Abbas Andishmand et al. Arch Iran Med. .

Abstract

Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a significant public health concern. This retrospective cohort study examines the clinical profiles and outcomes of patients diagnosed with PE at a medical center in central Iran, aiming to identify mortality predictors during hospitalization and follow-up.

Methods: Data from 109 patients diagnosed with PE were analyzed, with a median follow-up of 23 months. The collected information included demographic and clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, treatment protocols, and outcomes. Logistic regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used to identify independent mortality predictors and assess survival impact.

Results: The mean age was 59.2 years (±19.7), with 51.4% male. Common symptoms included dyspnea (86%) and chest pain (53%), with non-massive PE being the most prevalent (63%). Independent mortality predictors identified were age (odds ratio [OR] 1.065 per year, P<0.001), female sex (OR 4.421, P=0.009), and PE severity (OR 0.262, P=0.023). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed reduced survival probabilities in females (P=0.009), those with provoked PE (P=0.002), patients over 65 (P=0.016), and individuals with comorbidities (P=0.018). In-hospital mortality was 10.1%, linked to provoked massive PE, absence of thrombolytic therapy, and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).

Conclusion: In this cohort, age, sex, and PE severity were significant mortality predictors, while provoked PE, advanced age, and comorbidities were associated with lower mid-term survival probabilities.

Keywords: Mortality; Pulmonary embolism; Thrombolytic therapy; Venous thromboembolism.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest, including any financial interests, related to the conduct or publication of this study.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Tarbox AK, Swaroop M. Pulmonary embolism. Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci. 2013;3(1):69–72. doi: 10.4103/2229-5151.109427. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Bejjani A, Khairani CD, Campia U, Piazza G. Pulmonary embolism response teams: theory, implementation, and unanswered questions. J Clin Med. 2022;11(20):6129. doi: 10.3390/jcm11206129. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Højen AA, Nielsen PB, Overvad TF, Albertsen IE, Klok FA, Rolving N, et al. Long-term management of pulmonary embolism: a review of consequences, treatment, and rehabilitation. J Clin Med. 2022;11(19):5970. doi: 10.3390/jcm11195970. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Minges KE, Bikdeli B, Wang Y, Kim N, Curtis JP, Desai MM, et al. National trends in pulmonary embolism hospitalization rates and outcomes for adults aged ≥ 65 years in the United States (1999 to 2010) Am J Cardiol. 2015;116(9):1436–42. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.07.068. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Hsu SH, Ko CH, Chou EH, Herrala J, Lu TC, Wang CH, et al. Pulmonary embolism in United States emergency departments, 2010-2018. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1):9070. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-36123-2. - DOI - PMC - PubMed