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Review
. 2025 Feb:70:101451.
doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101451. Epub 2025 Jan 31.

Transmission patterns of hepatitis E virus

Jil A Haase  1 , Sarah Schlienkamp  1 , Julian J Ring  1 , Eike Steinmann  2
Affiliations
Free article
Review

Transmission patterns of hepatitis E virus

Jil A Haase et al. Curr Opin Virol. 2025 Feb.
Free article

Abstract

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) causes sporadic cases in industrialized countries and endemic outbreaks in areas with lower sanitation standards. The wide host reservoir of HEV makes it a potential source of new zoonotic transmission and dissemination in humans. Thus, the perception of HEV as a confined ailment has shifted to one of global concern. Considering HEV's environmental stability and heterogeneity in the host range of HEV's genotypes, various transmission pathways and sources for HEV infections are plausible. Here, we provide an overview on HEV's transmission routes and discuss the role of HEV as a foodborne zoonosis, as well as preventive measures and open research questions.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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