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. 2025 Jan-Dec:62:469580251317657.
doi: 10.1177/00469580251317657.

Mothers at the Intersection of Trauma, Addiction, and Involvement with the Criminal Legal System: An Analysis of Multiple Case Studies

Monica Solinas-Saunders  1 , Maureen L Petrunich-Rutherford  1 , Mark D Thomas  1 , Natasha R Brown  1 , Kevin L McElmurry  1 , Melissa A Jones  1 , Abigail M Cognetti  1 , Lytina Andrews  1 , Amira Zahabi  1
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Mothers at the Intersection of Trauma, Addiction, and Involvement with the Criminal Legal System: An Analysis of Multiple Case Studies

Monica Solinas-Saunders et al. Inquiry. 2025 Jan-Dec.

Abstract

The study focuses on the complex interconnection of race, sexuality, and socioeconomic background in shaping the stories of mothers struggling with addiction disorders as they attempt to recover from traumatic experiences. A sample of 45 mothers was employed in the study. Using case study analysis methodologies, the stories of 6 mothers were used as representative cases based on their individual characteristics, community settings, and institutional experiences. Further, the 6 cases were used to describe the difficulties experienced by participants across 3 major life transitions: (1) childhood (2) initiation to drug use and addiction disorders (3) motherhood. Across these life transitions, participants emphasized the relevance of traumatic experiences and mental health disorders as main reasons for their drug addiction. For each theme highlighted in the narrative of each case, a connection to all other participants was made to summarize the findings in the whole sample. The analysis indicates that while most mothers experienced trauma during their lifetime, mothers who identified as members of racial/ethnic minorities and those who identified as lesbians were more likely to report trauma from prejudice and discrimination. Furthermore, the analysis highlights that mothers who identified as members of racial minorities were more likely to have their children placed in foster care. In the study, mothers' involvement with the criminal legal system contributed to the challenges they experienced while renegotiating their relationships with their children. These mothers' lived experiences and the complexity of the dynamics they described-especially their interactions with the legal system-could potentially help other researchers frame new hypotheses that could be tested by larger empirical studies.

Keywords: case study analysis; child protective services; criminal legal system’s response to addiction; drug and alcohol addiction; mental health problems and addiction disorders; motherhood; mothers’ addiction; multiple case study analysis; qualitative research; trauma; traumatic experiences.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

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