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. 2025 Jan 2;17(1):e76790.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.76790. eCollection 2025 Jan.

The Combination Usage of Dexamethasone and Prednisolone Versus Prednisolone Monotherapy for Inflammation and Intraocular Pressure After Cataract Surgery

Chia-Yi Lee  1 , Shun-Fa Yang  1 , Chin-Te Huang  2 , Jing-Yang Huang  3 , Chao Kai Chang  4
Affiliations

The Combination Usage of Dexamethasone and Prednisolone Versus Prednisolone Monotherapy for Inflammation and Intraocular Pressure After Cataract Surgery

Chia-Yi Lee et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this study is to survey the anti-inflammatory effect of combined preoperative dexamethasone and postoperative prednisolone therapy and postoperative prednisolone therapy for cataract surgery. The intraocular pressure (IOP) change between groups was also examined. Methods A retrospective cohort study was practiced, and individuals who received cataract surgery were enrolled and categorized according to the anti-inflammation therapy. A total of 62 and 108 eyes were included in the combined and single groups, respectively. The primary outcomes were ocular hypertension and anterior chamber (AC) inflammation. The independent t-test and generalized linear model were used for the statistical analysis. Results There were 12 and 16 episodes of ocular hypertension in the combined and single groups, and the incidence of ocular hypertension was similar between groups (P = 0.203). In addition, there were four and seven AC inflammation events in the combined and single groups, and the incidences of AC inflammation were similar between groups (P = 0.335). Old age was correlated to a higher risk of developing ocular hypertension in the combined and single groups (both P < 0.05). Besides, higher myopia is related to higher ocular hypertension risk in the combined group (P = 0.038). Preoperative dry eye disease (DED) was associated with higher AC inflammation risk in the combined and single groups (both P < 0.05). Also, the high myopia was related to higher AC inflammation risk in the two groups (both P < 0.05). Conclusion The combination therapy of dexamethasone and prednisolone showed similar anti-inflammatory effects. The IOP changes between groups were similar.

Keywords: cataract surgery; dexamethasone; inflammation; intraocular pressure; prednisolone.

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Conflict of interest statement

Human subjects: Consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Institutional Review Board of National Changhua University of Education issued approval NCUEREC-113-057. This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki in 1964 and the later amendments. This study was accepted by the Institutional Review Board of the National Changhua University of Education (project code: NCUEREC-113-057, date of approval: 07/03/2024). The need for written informed consent obtainment was discarded by the Institutional Review Board of the National Changhua University of Education. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.

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