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Review
. 2025:2880:101-146.
doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-4276-4_5.

Spatial-Omics Methods and Applications

Arutha Kulasinghe  1   2 , Naomi Berrell  2 , Meg L Donovan  2 , Benedikt S Nilges  3
Affiliations
Review

Spatial-Omics Methods and Applications

Arutha Kulasinghe et al. Methods Mol Biol. 2025.

Abstract

Traditional tissue profiling approaches have evolved from bulk studies to single-cell analysis over the last decade; however, the spatial context in tissues and microenvironments has always been lost. Over the last 5 years, spatial technologies have emerged that enabled researchers to investigate tissues in situ for proteins and transcripts without losing anatomy and histology. The field of spatial-omics enables highly multiplexed analysis of biomolecules like RNAs and proteins in their native spatial context-and has matured from initial proof-of-concept studies to a thriving field with widespread applications from basic research to translational and clinical studies. While there has been wide adoption of spatial technologies, there remain challenges with the standardization of methodologies, sample compatibility, throughput, resolution, and ease of use. In this chapter, we discuss the current state of the field and highlight technological advances and limitations.

Keywords: Digital pathology; Spatial biology; Spatial proteomics; Spatial transcriptomics; Spatial-omics.

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