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. 2025 Feb 4;20(2):e0314715.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0314715. eCollection 2025.

Trends, gender, and racial disparities in patients with mortality due to paroxysmal tachycardia: A nationwide analysis from 1999-2020

Aman Goyal  1 , Humza Saeed  2 , Saif Yamin  3 , Abdullah  2 , Wania Sultan  4 , Muhammad Khubaib Arshad  2 , Samia Aziz Sulaiman  3 , Mah I Kan Changez  5 , Gauranga Mahalwar  6
Affiliations

Trends, gender, and racial disparities in patients with mortality due to paroxysmal tachycardia: A nationwide analysis from 1999-2020

Aman Goyal et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Background: Paroxysmal tachycardia encompasses various heart rhythm disorders that cause rapid heart rates. Its episodic occurrence makes it difficult to identify and measure its prevalence and trends in the population. Additionally, there is limited data on disparities and trends in mortality due to paroxysmal tachycardia, which is essential for assessing current medical approaches and identifying at-risk populations.

Methods: Our study examined death certificates from 1999 to 2020 using the CDC WONDER Database to identify deaths caused by paroxysmal tachycardia in individuals aged 25 and older, using the ICD-10 code I47. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) and annual percent changes (APC) were calculated by year, gender, age group, race/ethnicity, geographic location, and urbanization status. Trends in AAMRs were analyzed using the Joinpoint Regression Program to identify significant changes and inflection points in mortality trends throughout the study period.

Results: Between 1999 and 2020, 155,320 deaths were reported in patients with paroxysmal tachycardia. Overall, AAMR decreased from 4.8 to 3.7 per 100,000 population between 1999 and 2020, despite showing a significant increase from 2014 to 2020 (APC: 4.33; 95% CI: 3.53 to 5.56). Men had consistently higher AAMRs than women (4.7 vs. 2.2). Furthermore, we found that AAMRs were highest among Non-Hispanic (NH) Black or African Americans and lowest in NH Asian or Pacific Islanders (4 vs. 1.9). Nonmetropolitan areas had higher AAMRs than metropolitan areas (3.6 vs. 3.2).

Conclusions: Our analysis showed a significant decrease in mortality from paroxysmal tachycardia since 1999, although there has been a slight increase in recent years. However, disparities remain, with higher AAMRs among men, NH Black or African Americans, and residents of non-metropolitan areas. These findings call for immediate public health actions to curb the rising trends and reduce potential disparities.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Overall and sex-stratified paroxysmal tachycardia-related age-adjusted mortality rates per 100,000 in adults in the United States, 1999 to 2020.
* Indicates that the annual percentage change (APC) is significantly different from zero at α = 0.05. AAMR = age-adjusted mortality rate.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Paroxysmal tachycardia-related age-adjusted mortality rates per 100,000, stratified by age groups in adults in the United States, 1999 to 2020.
* Indicates that the annual percentage change (APC) is significantly different from zero at α = 0.05. AAMR = age-adjusted mortality rate.
Fig 3
Fig 3. Paroxysmal tachycardia-related age-adjusted mortality rates per 100,000, stratified by race in adults in the United States, 1999 to 2020.
* Indicates that the annual percentage change (APC) is significantly different from zero at α = 0.05. AAMR = age-adjusted mortality rate.
Fig 4
Fig 4. Paroxysmal tachycardia-related deaths and age-adjusted mortality rates per 100,000, stratified by state in adults in the United States, 1999 to 2020.
Fig 5
Fig 5. Paroxysmal tachycardia-related age-adjusted mortality rates per 100,000, stratified by census regions in adults in the United States, 1999 to 2020.
* Indicates that the annual percentage change (APC) is significantly different from zero at α = 0.05. AAMR = age-adjusted mortality rate.
Fig 6
Fig 6. Paroxysmal tachycardia-related age-adjusted mortality rates per 100,000 in adults in the metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas in the United States, 1999 to 2020.
* Indicates that the APC is significantly different from zero at α = 0.05. AAMR = age-adjusted mortality rate.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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