Allogeneic Hemopoietic Cell Transplantation as a Paradigm for Cellular Immunotherapy

Abstract

Background: Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT) is an established curative treatment for hematological malignancies and other severe blood disorders. However, alloHCT is also known for its significant side effects.

Summary: Here we review recent advances in targeted molecular therapy, immunotherapy, infectiology, and diagnostics that have enhanced the tolerability and efficacy of alloHCT, expanding its use to less fit and elderly patients. We analyze developments in conditioning regimens, donor selection, and the management of graft versus host disease (GVHD) and infections and discuss posttransplantation strategies to prevent relapse.

Key message: In a fresh perspective, alloHCT can serve as a platform to enhance the potential of emerging targeted and immune therapies.

Keywords: Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation; Bone marrow transplantation; Cellular therapy; Immunotherapy.