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. 2025 Jan 31:18:613-623.
doi: 10.2147/IDR.S499804. eCollection 2025.

Prevailing Antibiotic Resistance Patterns in Hospitalized Patients with Urinary Tract Infections in a Vietnamese Teaching Hospital (2014 - 2021)

Hai Ha Long Le  1   2 , Luong Cong Thuc  3 , Thang Ba Ta  4 , Tien Viet Tran  5 , Dinh Viet Hung  6 , Hoang Trung Kien  7 , Minh Nhat Le  8   9 , Vu Huy Luong  10   11 , Vinh Thi Ha Nguyen  11   12 , Hoa Quynh Pham  13 , Hung Van Le  11   13 , Nguyen Hoang Viet  14 , Le Huy Hoang  15 , Tram Thuy Nguyen  15 , Mixay Latsavong  16 , Tuan Dinh Le  17 , Dao Trong Tuan  18 , Nguyen Van An  19
Affiliations

Prevailing Antibiotic Resistance Patterns in Hospitalized Patients with Urinary Tract Infections in a Vietnamese Teaching Hospital (2014 - 2021)

Hai Ha Long Le et al. Infect Drug Resist. .

Abstract

Purpose: In a Vietnamese teaching hospital, this study examined the prevalence and patterns of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of common bacteria isolated from hospitalized patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs) between 2014 and 2021.

Methods: From 4060 urine samples collected, common pathogens were isolated using quantitative culture on brilliance UTI Clarity agar and blood agar. Bacterial identification, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and multidrug resistance (MDR) classification followed standardized techniques. Bacteria with a frequency of less than 2% were excluded. Statistical analysis was performed using R software, with the chi-square test applied and significance set at p < 0.05.

Results: Of 4060 urine samples collected, 892 (22.0%) had positive results for common infections. Gram-negative bacteria predominated (591/892; 66.3%), with Escherichia coli being the most prevalent (336/892; 37.7%). Enterococcus spp. (152/892; 17.0%) was the leading Gram-positive pathogen. Some antibiotics had significant resistance rates, especially in Gram-negative bacteria, with ampicillin having the greatest resistance rate (92.8%). Carbapenems and nitrofurantoin remained generally effective. Among Gram-positive bacteria, high resistance was seen for macrolides ranging from 85.5% (azithromycin) to 89.8% (erythromycin), and for tetracyclines, ranging from 0% (teicoplanin) to 85.2% (tetracycline). There was no resistance to tigecycline and teicoplanin, indicating their potential efficacy against multidrug resistance (MDR) bacteria causing UTIs. MDR rates were higher in Gram-negative bacteria (64.8% versus 43.5%), with Klebsiella pneumoniae having the highest rate (78.7%).

Conclusion: This study underscores the urgent need for ongoing surveillance of AMR patterns in Vietnam and emphasizes the significance of efficient infection prevention methods, prudent use of antibiotics, and targeted interventions to combat antimicrobial resistance.

Keywords: MDR; UTIs; Vietnam; antimicrobial resistance; multidrug resistance; urinary tract infections.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Demographics of hospitalized patients with urinary tract infections in a Vietnamese teaching hospital. (A) Distribution of isolates by microorganism, (B) Distribution of isolates by gender, (C) Distribution of isolates by hospital ward, (D) Distribution of isolates by age group.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Antimicrobial resistance to selected antibiotics of common pathogens among hospital wards. (A) Gram-negative bacteria, (B) Gram-positive bacteria; p-value was calculated using Chi-square test.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Multidrug resistance rate of common bacteria isolated from patients with urinary tract infections admitted to a Vietnamese teaching hospital from 2014 to 2021..
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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