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. 2025 Feb 6;15(1):4477.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-88823-6.

Assessment of the performance of Ni carbon nanotube nano composite coatings and activated carbon for diesel exhaust treatment

Gamal E M Nasr  1 , Magdy A Baiomy  2 , A Z Taieb  1 , Mayada E Abdel Razek  3 , Mohamed Refai  4
Affiliations

Assessment of the performance of Ni carbon nanotube nano composite coatings and activated carbon for diesel exhaust treatment

Gamal E M Nasr et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

Diesel engines are essential in sectors such as transportation, agriculture, and power generation, offering benefits like fuel efficiency, high power output, and durability. However, their emissions (NOX, CO2, CO, HC, SO2, and PM) significantly contribute to air pollution, posing serious environmental and health risks. This study aimed to design and fabricate a unit that simulates diesel engine emissions and tests various purification materials. The unit consists of a combustion chamber, filtration media, and exhaust pipes, with materials such as activated carbon, activated carbon with magnesium oxide, and Ni-Carbon Nanotube (CNTs) nanocomposites tested under controlled combustion conditions to measure their pollutant removal efficiencies. Results showed that 100% activated carbon achieved pollutant removal efficiencies of 85.21% for CO2, 80.77% for CO, and 68.84% for HC. Combining activated carbon with magnesium oxide (AC: MgO) enhanced these efficiencies to 76.92% for CO2, 86.84% for CO, and 73.28% for HC. Ni-CNTs nanocomposites (at 0.2 concentration) demonstrated the highest performance, with removal efficiencies of 93.13% for CO2, 94.87% for CO, and 76.02% for HC. These results emphasize the potential of Ni-CNTs nanocomposites as highly efficient materials for reducing diesel exhaust emissions, contributing significantly to cleaner air, better public health, and more sustainable diesel technologies.

Keywords: Diesel Engine; Diesel treatment device; Emission Control; Emission control technologies; Material Treatment.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethical approval: No experimental in human tissue.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Shows the setup of the experiment.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The steps and techniques of Ni-CNT Nanocomposite Coating on stainless steel sheet.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
The test unit to simulate exhaust gas emissions.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
The coating thickness with different CNT concentrations.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
A diagram illustrating the fundamental reactions and processes involved in coating an acetylene plate with nickel and carbon nanotubes.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
(a) TEM images of CNTs, (b) SEM images of Ni, (c) Ni-CNTs from bath containing 0.2 g.L− 1 CNTs, (d) CNTs on the coating surface.
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
The impact of various treatment materials on the levels offormula image.
Fig. 8
Fig. 8
The impact of various treatment materials on the levels offormula image.
Fig. 9
Fig. 9
The impact of various treatment materials on the levels offormula image.
Fig. 10
Fig. 10
(a) The comparison of (formula image& (bformula imageand (c) formula image) in (formula image before and after Filtratio.
Fig. 11
Fig. 11
The reactions occurring on the surface offormula image, formula image, and (Ni-CNTs)surfaces when exposed to various gases Generated using ChatGPT (2024).
Fig. 12
Fig. 12
SEM for a concentration of 0.1(Ni-CNTS) (a) before and (b) after filtration.
Fig. 13
Fig. 13
EDEX for a concentration of 0.1(Ni-CNTS) before and after filtration.
Fig. 14
Fig. 14
SEM for a concentration of 0.2 (Ni-CNTS) (a) before and (b) after filtration.
Fig. 15
Fig. 15
EDEX for a concentration of 0.2(Ni-CNTS) before and after filtration.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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