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Editorial
. 2025 Apr 24;59(9):623-625.
doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2024-109365.

Blood flow restriction: methods and apparatus still matter

Luke Hughes  1 , Nicholas Rolnick  2   3 , Alexander Franz  4   5 , Johnny Owens  6 , Patrick Michael Swain  7 , Christoph Centner  8 , Jeremy P Loenneke  9 , Stuart Anthony Warmington  10
Affiliations
Editorial

Blood flow restriction: methods and apparatus still matter

Luke Hughes et al. Br J Sports Med. .
No abstract available

Keywords: Blood; Methods; Rehabilitation.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: Dr LH acts in a scientific advisory capacity and delivers educational content for Delfi Medical Innovations. NR is the founder of the BFR PROS, a BFR education company that teaches fitness and rehabilitation professionals using a variety of different BFR devices. JO is affiliated with Owens Recovery Science and a paid consultant/distributor for Delfi Medical Innovations. All other authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

References

    1. Patterson SD, Hughes L, Warmington S, et al. Blood Flow Restriction Exercise: Considerations of Methodology, Application, and Safety. Front Physiol. 2019;10:533. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00533. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Bielitzki R, Behrens M, Behrendt T, et al. The Discrepancy Between External and Internal Load/Intensity during Blood Flow Restriction Exercise: Understanding Blood Flow Restriction Pressure as Modulating Factor. Sports Med Open. 2024;10:95. doi: 10.1186/s40798-024-00759-9. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Jessee MB, Buckner SL, Dankel SJ, et al. The Influence of Cuff Width, Sex, and Race on Arterial Occlusion: Implications for Blood Flow Restriction Research. Sports Med. 2016;46:913–21. doi: 10.1007/s40279-016-0473-5. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Loenneke JP, Kim D, Fahs CA, et al. The effects of resistance exercise with and without different degrees of blood-flow restriction on perceptual responses. J Sports Sci. 2015;33:1472–9. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2014.992036. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Rolnick N, Kimbrell K, de Queiros V. Beneath the cuff: Often overlooked and under-reported blood flow restriction device features and their potential impact on practice-A review of the current state of the research. Front Physiol. 2023;14:1089065. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1089065. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

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