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. 2025 Feb 10;231(Supplement_1):S72-S79.
doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiae608.

Arthropod-Borne and Rodent-Borne Infections in Peru From 1990 to 2022

Carolina Guevara  1 , Julia S Ampuero  1 , Megan Schilling  1 ; Febrile Surveillance Working Group
Collaborators, Affiliations

Arthropod-Borne and Rodent-Borne Infections in Peru From 1990 to 2022

Carolina Guevara et al. J Infect Dis. .

Abstract

Arboviral and rodent-borne infections are considered a public health concern and pose a significant threat to military service members when deployed in austere environments. In 1990, the U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit (NAMRU) SOUTH, in collaboration with the Peruvian Ministry of Health, initiated febrile illnesses surveillance in Iquitos, Loreto, later expanding to 33 health facilities throughout the country. Additionally, different techniques were developed to maximize virus detection. The activities were crucial in identifying evidence of circulating dengue, Venezuelan equine encephalitis, Mayaro, and Oropouche viruses in the region. Subsequently, Eastern equine encephalitis, encephalomyocarditis, Guaroa, Saint Louis encephalitis, and Rio Mamore viruses, among others, were discovered through our surveillance networks. The results of 3 decades of surveillance identified 16 novel arboviruses and rodent-borne viruses, contributing to public health control and force health protection for the United States and partner nations.

Keywords: Peru; arboviruses; arenaviridae; fever; orthohantavirus.

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Conflict of interest statement

Potential conflicts of interest. All authors: No reported conflicts. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Total febrile cases detected over time throughout Peru. The blue columns represent the total number of febrile cases, the orange line represents the total number of arboviruses or rodent-borne viruses detected, and the green line represents the percentage of positivity. Totals are represented in the table below the graph. *Sites were temporarily closed because of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Arthropod-borne and rodent-borne viruses identified in Peru during 1990–2022. The first map of Peru shows viruses identified between 1990 and 2000. The second map includes viruses identified between 2001 and 2022. Abbreviations: ALLV, Allpahuayo virus; BELLV, Bellavista virus; CARV, Caraparu virus; DENV-1, dengue virus serotype 1; DENV-2, dengue virus serotype 2; DENV-3, dengue virus serotype 3; DENV-4, dengue virus serotype 4; ECHV, Echarate virus; EEEV, Eastern equine encephalitis virus; EMCV, encephalomyocarditis virus; GRCV, Group C virus; GROV, Guaroa virus; IQTV, Iquitos virus; ITYV, Itaya virus; MAGV, Maguari virus; MAYV, Mayaro virus; MDDV, Madre de Dios virus; MLOV, Maldonado virus; MURV, Murutucu virus; OROV, Oropouche virus; RIOMV, Rio Mamore virus; SAFV, Saffold virus; SLEV, Saint Louis encephalitis virus; TROV, Trocara virus; VEEV, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus; VEEV-ID, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus subtype ID; VEEV-IIIC, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus subtype IIIC; VEEV-IIID, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus subtype IIID; YFV, yellow fever virus; ZIKV, Zika virus.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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