[Diagnosis and Therapeutic Management of Bone Disease in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease or Kidney Transplant Recipients]

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a chronic skeletal disease characterized by reduced bone mineral density and deteriorated bone microarchitecture, which increases fracture risk. In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), osteoporosis management is complicated by disturbances in mineral and bone metabolism (CKD-MBD) that adversely affect bone health. Diagnosis requires a thorough clinical evaluation, including bone mineral density measurement via DEXA, bone microarchitecture assessment with TBS, and analysis of bone turnover biomarkers. Therapeutic management must be personalized and may include anti-resorptive or anabolic therapies, depending on the patient's bone metabolism and renal function. Policlinico Sant'Orsola employs an integrated care model involving nephrologists, endocrinologists, radiologists, and other specialists for optimal osteoporosis management. This multidisciplinary approach addresses the complexities of CKD-MBD comprehensively, improving diagnosis and treatment and, consequently, enhancing patient quality of life through a coordinated and personalized treatment plan.

Keywords: Bone Disease; CKD-MBD; Chronic Kidney disease; Kidney Transplant; Osteoporosis.