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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2025 Jan 29;17(3):495.
doi: 10.3390/nu17030495.

Probiotics and Synbiotics Administered to Young Infants: Perceptions and Acceptability Amongst Carers and Healthcare Workers in Western Kenya

Mary Iwaret Otiti  1   2 , Florence Achieng Were  2 , Sevim Zaim  3 , Helen Nabwera  1 , Simon Kariuki  2 , Stephen Allen  1
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Probiotics and Synbiotics Administered to Young Infants: Perceptions and Acceptability Amongst Carers and Healthcare Workers in Western Kenya

Mary Iwaret Otiti et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Background/objectives: A contributory factor to childhood undernutrition is poor gut health occurring within the first 6-12 weeks of life despite exclusive breastfeeding. Pro/synbiotic administration may protect gut health. A qualitative study was conducted amongst mothers/carers and healthcare workers (HCWs) to explore their perceptions and the acceptability of pro/synbiotics administration in early life.

Methods: This study was nested within a randomised, open, clinical trial of pro/synbiotics with 32 doses administered under supervision to infants between ages 0 and 5 months in western Kenya. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 mothers/carers, 12 Peer Mothers and 7 healthcare workers (HCWs) selected by purposive critical and key informant sampling. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using a thematic coding framework.

Results: The satisfaction with the pro/synbiotic administration was very high amongst all three groups. Commonly perceived benefits included protection from diseases, healthy growth of the infant and improved appetite. The main barriers were working mothers and other commitments making it difficult to stick to scheduled administration visits, adverse judgement and opinions in the community, and a lack of engagement from fathers. Insights were gained into different means of administering pro/synbiotics to young infants. Triangulation of the findings of the mothers/carers with HCWs showed that most identified motivations and challenges were similar.

Conclusions: Pro/synbiotic administration was well accepted by the mothers/carers and HCWs and generally perceived to have health benefits. The administration of pro/synbiotics by the mothers/carers themselves to their infants may be feasible and overcome logistical challenges. Greater efforts to sensitise and engage fathers and communities would likely be critical for a community-based program.

Keywords: Peer Mothers; acceptability; carers; malnutrition; perceptions; probiotics; synbiotics.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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