Osmolyte-IDP interactions during desiccation

Abstract

Desiccation, the extreme loss of water, poses a significant challenge to living organisms. Desiccation-tolerant organisms combat this in part by accumulating desiccation tolerance intrinsically disordered proteins (DT-IDPs) and osmolytes within their cells. While both osmolytes and DT-IDPs help maintain cellular viability on their own, combinations of the two can work synergistically to provide enhanced protection and survival. This review summarises our understanding of the interactions between DT-IDPs and osmolytes during desiccation, and explores possible molecular mechanisms underlying them. Using recent literature on DT-IDPs and on the broader study of IDP-osmolyte interactions, we propose several hypotheses that explain interactions between DT-IDPs and osmolytes. Finally, we highlight several techniques from literature on DT-IDPs that we feel are useful to the study of IDPs in other contexts.

Keywords: Cytoplasmic abundant heat soluble protein; Desiccation tolerance; Intrinsically disordered proteins; Late embryogenesis abundant protein; Osmolytes; Sucrose; Trehalose.