Knowledge, Health Education, and Mobile Health Strategies on Cardiovascular Disease Awareness in Women: A Narrative Review

Abstract

The first step to decreasing the occurrence of morbidity and mortality associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women is raising awareness. The aim of this narrative review is to obtain relevant insights into women's awareness and intervention models for CVD. Data were collected through a comprehensive literature search across reputable databases, including PubMed, Crossref, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Inclusion criteria focused on CVD, knowledge, awareness, education, mobile health (mHealth), and women. The researchers reviewed 36 articles, and based on the results, CVD awareness remains low in several countries, particularly among young women. Some factors influencing knowledge, awareness, and preventive behaviors for CVD include age, education level, marital status, occupation, number of children, and urban/rural residence. Digital technology-based applications, specifically mHealth interventions, have been developed to prevent and control CVD risks in women. Examples include SMARTWOMAN™, HeartBeat, Smart Walk, Diet Tracking, TRIANGLE, and FitBit. Digital interventions, such as text messaging, websites, and emails, serve as primordial prevention tools, offering health information and medication adherence reminders to reduce CVD risks in women. Therefore, recognizing the importance of enhancing CVD awareness in young women through health education, specifically using mHealth applications, is important.

Keywords: Awareness; cardiovascular disease; knowledge; mobile health; women.

Figure 1

Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis flow diagram of literature screening