The 2024 Phoenix Sepsis Score Criteria: Part 1, the Evolution in Definition of Sepsis and Septic Shock

doi:10.1097/PCC.0000000000003664

. 2025 Feb 1;26(2):e246-e251.

doi: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000003664. Epub 2025 Feb 6.

The 2024 Phoenix Sepsis Score Criteria: Part 1, the Evolution in Definition of Sepsis and Septic Shock

Collaborators, Affiliations

Collaborators

Society of Critical Care Medicine Pediatric Sepsis Definition Taskforce:
Luregn J Schlapbach, R Scott Watson, Andrew C Argent, Lauren R Sorce, Samuel Akech, Elizabeth R Alpern, Fran Balamuth, Tellen D Bennett, Paolo Biban, Juliane Bubeck Wardenburg, Enitan Carrol, Kathleen Chiotos, Mohammod Jobayer Chisti, Idris Evans, Claudio Flauzino De Oliveira, Mark W Hall, David Inwald, Paul Ishimine, Niranjan Kissoon, Michael Levin, Rakesh Lodha, Kusum Menon, Simon Nadel, Satoshi Nakagawa, Mark J Peters, Adrienne G Randolph, Suchitra Ranjit, L Nelson Sanchez-Pinto, Halden F Scott, Daniela Carla Souza, Pierre Tissieres, Scott L Weiss, Matthew O Wiens, James L Wynn, Jerry J Zimmerman

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
² Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development and Pediatric Critical Care, Seattle Children's, Seattle, WA.
³ Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
⁴ University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
⁵ Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL.
⁶ Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
⁷ Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
⁸ Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
⁹ Department of Pediatrics (Critical Care) and Preventive Medicine (Health & Biomedical Informatics), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
¹⁰ Departments of Biomedical Informatics and Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO.
¹¹ Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO.
¹² Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
¹³ Department of Intensive Care and Neonatology and Children's Research Center, University Children`s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
¹⁴ Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.

PMID: 39982158
PMCID: PMC11875541 (available on 2026-02-06)
DOI: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000003664

The 2024 Phoenix Sepsis Score Criteria: Part 1, the Evolution in Definition of Sepsis and Septic Shock

R Scott Watson et al. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2025.

. 2025 Feb 1;26(2):e246-e251.

doi: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000003664. Epub 2025 Feb 6.

Authors

Collaborators

Society of Critical Care Medicine Pediatric Sepsis Definition Taskforce:
Luregn J Schlapbach, R Scott Watson, Andrew C Argent, Lauren R Sorce, Samuel Akech, Elizabeth R Alpern, Fran Balamuth, Tellen D Bennett, Paolo Biban, Juliane Bubeck Wardenburg, Enitan Carrol, Kathleen Chiotos, Mohammod Jobayer Chisti, Idris Evans, Claudio Flauzino De Oliveira, Mark W Hall, David Inwald, Paul Ishimine, Niranjan Kissoon, Michael Levin, Rakesh Lodha, Kusum Menon, Simon Nadel, Satoshi Nakagawa, Mark J Peters, Adrienne G Randolph, Suchitra Ranjit, L Nelson Sanchez-Pinto, Halden F Scott, Daniela Carla Souza, Pierre Tissieres, Scott L Weiss, Matthew O Wiens, James L Wynn, Jerry J Zimmerman

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
² Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development and Pediatric Critical Care, Seattle Children's, Seattle, WA.
³ Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
⁴ University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
⁵ Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL.
⁶ Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
⁷ Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
⁸ Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
⁹ Department of Pediatrics (Critical Care) and Preventive Medicine (Health & Biomedical Informatics), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
¹⁰ Departments of Biomedical Informatics and Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO.
¹¹ Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO.
¹² Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
¹³ Department of Intensive Care and Neonatology and Children's Research Center, University Children`s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
¹⁴ Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.

PMID: 39982158
PMCID: PMC11875541 (available on 2026-02-06)
DOI: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000003664

No abstract available

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Drs. Watson’s and Randolph’s institutions received funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Drs. Watson and Sorce received funding from the Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM). Dr. Watson received funding from the NIH. Dr. Argent received funding from the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies. Dr. Sorce is an elected member of the SCCM Executive Committee and serves as President 2024–2025. The information presented is that of the author and does not represent SCCM. Drs. Sorce, Randolph, Sanchez-Pinto, and Bennett received support for article research from the NIH. Drs. Randolph’s and Bennett’s institution received funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Dr. Randolph’s institution received funding from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease; she received funding from UpToDate, Inotrem, and Thermo Fisher. Dr. Sanchez-Pinto’s institution received funding from R01HD105939; he disclosed angel investments. Dr. Bennett’s institution received funding from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences. The remaining authors have disclosed that they do not have any potential conflicts of interest.

Cited by

External Validation of the Phoenix Sepsis Score in a Single Pediatric Cardiac ICU.
Baker MC, Spaeder MC. Baker MC, et al. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2025 Jun 1;26(6):e862-e863. doi: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000003748. Epub 2025 Apr 8. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2025. PMID: 40197646 No abstract available.

References

1. Bone RC, Balk RA, Cerra FB, et al.: Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. The ACCP/SCCM Consensus Conference Committee. American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine. Chest 1992; 101:1644–1655. - PubMed
1. Levy MM, Fink M, Marshall JC, et al.: 2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS International Sepsis Definitions Conference. Crit Care Med 2003; 31:1250–1256. - PubMed
1. Singer M, Deutschman CS, Seymour CW, et al.: The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA 2016; 315:801–810. - PMC - PubMed
1. Goldstein B, Giroir B, Randolph A: International pediatric sepsis consensus conference: definitions for sepsis and organ dysfunction in pediatrics. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2005; 6:2–8. - PubMed
1. Schlapbach LJ, Straney L, Bellomo R, et al.: Prognostic accuracy of age-adapted SOFA, SIRS, PELOD-2, and qSOFA for in-hospital mortality among children with suspected infection admitted to the intensive care unit. Intensive Care Med 2018; 44:179–188. - PMC - PubMed

Grants and funding

R01 HD105939/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States

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[1] Bone RC, Balk RA, Cerra FB, et al.: Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. The ACCP/SCCM Consensus Conference Committee. American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine. Chest 1992; 101:1644–1655. - PubMed

[2] Bone RC, Balk RA, Cerra FB, et al.: Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. The ACCP/SCCM Consensus Conference Committee. American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine. Chest 1992; 101:1644–1655. - PubMed

[3] Levy MM, Fink M, Marshall JC, et al.: 2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS International Sepsis Definitions Conference. Crit Care Med 2003; 31:1250–1256. - PubMed

[4] Levy MM, Fink M, Marshall JC, et al.: 2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS International Sepsis Definitions Conference. Crit Care Med 2003; 31:1250–1256. - PubMed

[5] Singer M, Deutschman CS, Seymour CW, et al.: The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA 2016; 315:801–810. - PMC - PubMed

[6] Singer M, Deutschman CS, Seymour CW, et al.: The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA 2016; 315:801–810. - PMC - PubMed

[7] Goldstein B, Giroir B, Randolph A: International pediatric sepsis consensus conference: definitions for sepsis and organ dysfunction in pediatrics. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2005; 6:2–8. - PubMed

[8] Goldstein B, Giroir B, Randolph A: International pediatric sepsis consensus conference: definitions for sepsis and organ dysfunction in pediatrics. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2005; 6:2–8. - PubMed

[9] Schlapbach LJ, Straney L, Bellomo R, et al.: Prognostic accuracy of age-adapted SOFA, SIRS, PELOD-2, and qSOFA for in-hospital mortality among children with suspected infection admitted to the intensive care unit. Intensive Care Med 2018; 44:179–188. - PMC - PubMed

[10] Schlapbach LJ, Straney L, Bellomo R, et al.: Prognostic accuracy of age-adapted SOFA, SIRS, PELOD-2, and qSOFA for in-hospital mortality among children with suspected infection admitted to the intensive care unit. Intensive Care Med 2018; 44:179–188. - PMC - PubMed

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The 2024 Phoenix Sepsis Score Criteria: Part 1, the Evolution in Definition of Sepsis and Septic Shock

Collaborators

Affiliations

The 2024 Phoenix Sepsis Score Criteria: Part 1, the Evolution in Definition of Sepsis and Septic Shock

Authors

Collaborators

Affiliations

Conflict of interest statement

Similar articles

Cited by

References

Grants and funding

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources