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. 2025 Feb 10:12:1538643.
doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2025.1538643. eCollection 2025.

Association between pan-immune-inflammation value and coronary heart disease in elderly population: a cross-sectional study

Ruicong Ma  1 , Jinyi Ren  2 , Xianmei Chen  2 , Xia Li  2 , Ying Zhao  3 , Yanchun Ding  1
Affiliations

Association between pan-immune-inflammation value and coronary heart disease in elderly population: a cross-sectional study

Ruicong Ma et al. Front Cardiovasc Med. .

Abstract

Background: Systemic inflammation, immune and nutrition status are closely linked to the occurrence and development of coronary heart disease (CHD). Pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) is a new method for evaluating systemic inflammation and immune status. Our objective is to explore the connection between PIV and CHD especially in elderly people, as well as the diagnostic value of PIV combined with controlling nutritional status (COUNT) score for CHD.

Methods: Participants eligible for the study were sourced from NHANES data from 1999 to 2018. Logistic regression models were employed to evaluate the link between PIV and CHD. Additionally, restricted cubic spline was utilized to explore the correlations. Subgroup analysis was adopted in order to ensure the credibility of the results. The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was used to explore the predictive value of PIV combined with COUNT score for CHD.

Results: 41,713 individuals qualified for analysis. The individuals with CHD had higher levels of PIV. In the logistic regression model, PIV was positively related to CHD [Q4 vs. Q1, OR = 1.23 (1.03-1.48, P < 0.001)]. Restricted cubic spline indicated a positive non-linear relationship (P for overall <0.001, P for non-linear = 0.009). However, restricted cubic spline shows that this positive correlation is only significant in the elderly population aged 60 and above. Subgroup analysis shows that the relationship between PIV and CHD is more significant in the elderly population (P < 0.001). The ROC curve shows that PIV has better diagnostic value for CHD than other common inflammatory indicators. Furthermore, the combination of PIV and COUNT score is superior to PIV or COUNT score.

Conclusions: A positive link between PIV and CHD, especially in the elderly. The combination of PIV and COUNT score has better diagnostic value for CHD.

Keywords: NHANES; controlling nutritional status score; coronary heart disease; elderly people; pan-immune-inflammation value.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The flow chart of participant selection.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The link between PIV and the risk of CHD. PIV, pan-immune inflammation value; CHD, coronary heart disease.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The link between PIV and CHD in different subgroups. (A) Age; The red curve represents the population over 60 years old and the green curve represents the population under 60 years old (B) Sex; The red curve represents males, and the green curve represents females. PIV, pan-immune inflammation value; CHD, coronary heart disease.
Figure 4
Figure 4
ROC curve reveals the diagnostic value of PIV for CHD. (A) Comparison of the predictive value of PIV(red), NLR(blue), MLR(light green) and SII(deep green) for CHD; (B) The predictive value of PIV(blue), COUNT score(light green) and PIV combined with COUNT score(red) for CHD. ROC, receiver operator characteristic; PIV, pan-immune inflammation value; NLR, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; MLR, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio; SII, systemic immune inflammation index; COUNT, controlling nutritional status; CHD, coronary heart disease.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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