Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2025 Mar;11(2):e70227.
doi: 10.1002/vms3.70227.

Molecular and Seroprevalence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum in Turkeys in Sylhet District of Bangladesh

Jahid Hasan Tipu  1   2 , Rijon Miah  2 , Obaidul Islam  3 , Md Mukidur Rahman  2 , Lucky Talukdar  2 , Rubel Miah  4 , Md Safwan Hussain  5 , Md Ashraful Islam  6 , Md Irtija Ahsan  7   8 , Ahsan Raquib  9 , Monira Noor  2
Affiliations

Molecular and Seroprevalence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum in Turkeys in Sylhet District of Bangladesh

Jahid Hasan Tipu et al. Vet Med Sci. 2025 Mar.

Abstract

Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) poses a significant threat to Bangladesh's poultry industry, causing substantial economic losses every year. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of MG infection in turkeys using serum plate agglutination (SPA), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in Sylhet, Bangladesh from December 2019 to November 2020. In addition, we evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of these tests and identified potential risk factors associated with MG infection. A total of 250 blood samples and 250 tracheal swabs were collected from suspected turkeys across 25 farms from three sub-districts of Sylhet namely Sylhet Sadar, Golapganj and Beanibazar. Blood samples were tested with SPA and ELISA, while tracheal swabs were analysed by PCR targeting the 16S rRNA gene of MG. The overall prevalence of MG was 35.2%, 29.2% and 25.6% for SPA, ELISA and PCR respectively. Higher infection rates were observed in turkeys aged 0-4 months (SPA 57.1%, ELISA 52%, PCR 42.8%), during winter (SPA 43.1%, ELISA 37.8%, PCR 30%) and among female turkeys (SPA 54.5%, ELISA 49.5%, PCR 45.5%). Geographically, the Beanibazar had the highest prevalence (SPA 54.2%, ELISA 48.6%, PCR 41.4%), compared to the Sylhet Sadar and Golapganj sub-districts. Both SPA and ELISA tests showed 100% sensitivity, with specificity of 87.1% and 95.2%, respectively using PCR as a gold standard. Overall, these findings provide valuable insights for developing effective control measures for MG infections in the poultry industry of Bangladesh.

Keywords: 16S rRNA gene; Diagnostic tests; Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG); Sylhet; poultry; sensitivity; specificity.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Map indicating the sampling sites (Beanibazar, Golapganj and Sylhet Sadar under the Sylhet District of Bangladesh).
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Panel I: Results of SPA test (A) no clumps formation (negative), (B) small clumps formation (+), (C) medium clumps formation (++) and (D) large clumps formation (+++). Panel II: Colour changed after adding stop solution in indirect ELISA (before recording the optical density (OD) at 450 nm in an ELISA plate reader machine. Panel III: Gel documentation of PCR product targeting the 16S rRNA gene of Mycoplasma gallisepticum. Lane M = 1 kbp DNA ladder, Lane 1 = negative control, Lane 2 = positive control and Lanes 3–5 = PCR products, with an expected band size of 185 bp.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Prevalence of MG infection in turkeys across different age groups using SPA, ELISA and PCR tests during this study period in the Sylhet District of Bangladesh.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Sex‐specific distribution of MG infection in turkeys using SPA, ELISA and PCR tests during this study period in the Sylhet District of Bangladesh.
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5
Seasonal variation in MG infection in turkeys as detected by SPA, ELISA and PCR tests during this study period in the Sylhet District of Bangladesh.
FIGURE 6
FIGURE 6
Prevalence of MG infection in the three sub‐districts of Sylhet by SPA, ELISA and PCR diagnostic tests during this study period.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Abdelrahman, A. , Shany S., Dardeer M., Hassan K., Ali A., and ElKady M.. 2021. “Avian Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae: Advances in Diagnosis and Control.” German Journal of Veterinary Research 1, no. 2: 46–55.
    1. Abioja, M. , and Abiona J.. 2021. “Impacts of Climate Change to Poultry Production in Africa: Adaptation Options for Broiler Chickens.” In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, edited by Oguge N., Ayal D., Adeleke L., and da Silva I., 275–296. Springer.
    1. Ali, M. Z. , Rahman M. M., and Sultana S.. 2015. “Seroprevalence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum Antibody by ELISA and Serum Plate Agglutination Test of Laying Chicken.” Veterinary World 8, no. 1: 9–14. 10.14202/vetworld.2015.9-14. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Ayim, M. , Asafu‐Adjaye A., Beckley C., et al. 2012. “Serological Survey of Mycoplasma gallisepticum Infection in Layer Chickens in the Ga‐East District of the Greater Accra Region.” Journal of the Ghana Science Association 14, no. 1: 22–29.
    1. Bekő, K. , Kreizinger Z., Sulyok K. M., et al. 2019. “Genotyping Mycoplasma gallisepticum by Multilocus Sequence Typing.” Veterinary Microbiology 231: 191–196. - PubMed

Publication types

MeSH terms

LinkOut - more resources