Altered receptor-binding specificity of gull-adapted H13 avian influenza viruses corresponds to their unique host preferences

Rio Harada¹, Takahiro Hiono², Manabu Igarashi³, Daiki Kobayashi¹, Hinako Ban¹, Norikazu Isoda⁴, Yoshihiro Sakoda⁴

Affiliations

¹ Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan.
² Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan; One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan; International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Kita 20, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0020, Japan; Institute for Vaccine Research and Development, Hokkaido University, Kita 21, Nishi 11, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0021, Japan. Electronic address: hiono@vetmed.hokudai.ac.jp.
³ International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Kita 20, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0020, Japan; Division of Global Epidemiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Kita 20, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0020, Japan.
⁴ Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan; One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan; International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Kita 20, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0020, Japan; Institute for Vaccine Research and Development, Hokkaido University, Kita 21, Nishi 11, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0021, Japan.

PMID: 39999586
DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2025.110460

Altered receptor-binding specificity of gull-adapted H13 avian influenza viruses corresponds to their unique host preferences

Rio Harada et al. Virology. 2025 Apr.

. 2025 Apr:605:110460.

doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2025.110460. Epub 2025 Feb 21.

Authors

Rio Harada¹, Takahiro Hiono², Manabu Igarashi³, Daiki Kobayashi¹, Hinako Ban¹, Norikazu Isoda⁴, Yoshihiro Sakoda⁴

Affiliations

¹ Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan.
² Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan; One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan; International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Kita 20, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0020, Japan; Institute for Vaccine Research and Development, Hokkaido University, Kita 21, Nishi 11, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0021, Japan. Electronic address: hiono@vetmed.hokudai.ac.jp.
³ International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Kita 20, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0020, Japan; Division of Global Epidemiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Kita 20, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0020, Japan.
⁴ Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan; One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan; International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Kita 20, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0020, Japan; Institute for Vaccine Research and Development, Hokkaido University, Kita 21, Nishi 11, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0021, Japan.

PMID: 39999586
DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2025.110460

Abstract

Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) recognize α2-3 sialosides as receptors. Previous studies showed that the structural diversity within α2-3 sialosides is related to the host specificity of AIVs. H13 AIVs are primarily isolated from gulls, although almost all AIV subtypes have been isolated from ducks, the natural hosts of AIVs. To elucidate the molecular basis of the host specificity of H13 viruses to gulls, the receptor-binding specificity of H13 hemagglutinins (HAs) and the distribution of viral receptors in gulls were investigated. The results revealed that recombinant HA (rHA) of H13 viruses had a binding preference for fucosylated α2-3 sialosides, which were distributed widely in the respiratory tract and intestines of gulls but not in the colon of ducks. Moreover, the receptor-binding specificity of mutant rHAs revealed that amino acids in the 130-loop and at position 227 of H13 HA were critical for the preference for fucosylated α2-3 sialosides. The results of the present study suggest that the binding specificity of H13 HA to fucosylated α2-3 sialosides is a key factor for the host susceptibility of H13 viruses to gulls.

Keywords: Avian influenza virus; Charadriiformes; Fucosylation; Hemagglutinin; Receptor specificity.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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Altered receptor-binding specificity of gull-adapted H13 avian influenza viruses corresponds to their unique host preferences

Affiliations

Altered receptor-binding specificity of gull-adapted H13 avian influenza viruses corresponds to their unique host preferences

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

References

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MeSH terms

Substances

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Medical

Research Materials

Miscellaneous