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Review
. 2025 Jan 22;18(2):145.
doi: 10.3390/ph18020145.

Monoclonal Antibodies in Relapsed-Refractory Multiple Myeloma

Ilaria Sorgiovanni  1 , Maria Livia Del Giudice  1 , Sara Galimberti  1 , Gabriele Buda  1
Affiliations
Review

Monoclonal Antibodies in Relapsed-Refractory Multiple Myeloma

Ilaria Sorgiovanni et al. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). .

Abstract

Multiple myeloma is a malignant hematological tumor characterized by the proliferation of clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow causing organ damage. Despite improved survival rates due to the increasing availability of therapeutic options in recent decades, it remains an incurable disease, with most patients ultimately relapsing. Consequently, relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma disease (RRMM) has become a treatment priority. Immunotherapy is the backbone of treatment in RRMM, starting with monoclonal antibodies such as elotuzumab, daratumumab, and isatuximab. The aim of this review is summarizing the results of RRMM trials with monoclonal antibodies and of the principal ongoing trials containing them. Additionally, we put a brief focus on novel drugs (such as bispecific antibodies) to provide a better overview. The advent of monoclonal antibodies has been nothing short of a game-changer for multi-refractory patients. It has opened up a whole new world of possibilities, offering myeloma patients a brighter and more hopeful future, even in the face of relapse.

Keywords: immunotherapy; monoclonal antibodies; multiple myeloma.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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