Cardiac treatment for Duchenne muscular dystrophy: consensus recommendations from the ACTION muscular dystrophy committee

Abstract

Introduction: Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a devastating neuromuscular disorder characterized by the loss of dystrophin, inevitably leading to cardiomyopathy. Despite publications on prophylaxis and treatment with cardiac medications to mitigate cardiomyopathy progression, gaps remain in the specifics of medication initiation and optimization.

Method: This document is an expert opinion statement, addressing a critical gap in cardiac care for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. It provides thorough recommendations for the initiation and titration of cardiac medications based on disease progression and patient response. Recommendations are derived from the expertise of the Advance Cardiac Therapies Improving Outcomes Network and are informed by established guidelines from the American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, and Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Care Considerations. These expert-derived recommendations aim to navigate the complexities of Duchenne muscular dystrophy-related cardiac care.

Results: Comprehensive recommendations for initiation, titration, and optimization of critical cardiac medications are provided to address Duchenne muscular dystrophy-associated cardiomyopathy.

Discussion: The management of Duchenne muscular dystrophy requires a multidisciplinary approach. However, the diversity of healthcare providers involved in Duchenne muscular dystrophy can result in variations in cardiac care, complicating treatment standardization and patient outcomes. The aim of this report is to provide a roadmap for managing Duchenne muscular dystrophy-associated cardiomyopathy, by elucidating timing and dosage nuances crucial for optimal therapeutic efficacy, ultimately improving cardiac outcomes, and improving the quality of life for individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Conclusion: This document seeks to establish a standardized framework for cardiac care in Duchenne muscular dystrophy, aiming to improve cardiac prognosis.

Keywords: Duchenne muscular dystrophy; cardiac medications; cardiomyopathy; heart failure.