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Review
. 2024 Dec 27;11(4):888-913.
doi: 10.5455/javar.2024.k840. eCollection 2024 Dec.

Exploring bovine brucellosis in Bangladesh: Current scenario and future outlook

Md Zaminur Rahman  1 , Palash Bose  1 , Tanvir Ahamed  1 , Papia Sultana  1 , Md Mukteruz-Zaman  1 , Kazi Abdus Sobur  1 , Mst Minara Khatun  1 , Md Ariful Islam  1
Affiliations
Review

Exploring bovine brucellosis in Bangladesh: Current scenario and future outlook

Md Zaminur Rahman et al. J Adv Vet Anim Res. .

Abstract

Bovine brucellosis is an enduring and formidable challenge in Bangladesh. In this first comprehensive review, we explored the historical, current, and future perspectives of bovine brucellosis outbreaks in Bangladesh. Data spanning from 1984 to 2023 regarding bovine brucellosis in Bangladesh were gathered from literature, reviews, conference papers, and online reports using various search engines and software tools. We considered 29 published documents and analyzed them thoroughly to evaluate the current status of bovine brucellosis for the present comprehensive review. We also suggest policy and other frameworks to mitigate and control the disease on a national scale. Bovine brucellosis in Bangladesh affects various livestock and poses economic burdens due to reduced milk and meat production with potential risks to human health. Over the past decade (2013-2023), the ruminant population in Bangladesh has increased substantially (between 1.46 and 26.95 million individuals), with goats showing the most significant growth, while financial losses due to bovine brucellosis have risen steadily, emphasizing its economic impact (basis on species between Euro currency 12.824 and 298.272). This review highlights brucellosis prevalence, diagnostic challenges, and traditional management practices contributing to its spread. Our findings indicate that bovine brucellosis was reported and prevalent in mild to severe forms across 26 districts of Bangladesh. Bangladesh has initiated measures such as vaccination and awareness campaigns, but effective control remains challenging due to diverse farming systems and resource constraints. A one-health approach is advocated for future strategies, emphasizing community engagement and multidisciplinary efforts to address the complex challenges posed by bovine brucellosis in Bangladesh, ultimately aiming to safeguard livestock health, public health, and economic stability.

Keywords: Control measures; economic impact; epidemiology; livestock health; one health approach; zoonotic disease.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.. The review covered different districts of Bangladesh.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.. Literature search strategy for the current study.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.. Reasons for the hidden bovine brucellosis in the pre-independence periods.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.. The farmed and household ruminant animal statistics from 2013-2023.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.. Some major challenges in diagnostics of bovine brucellosis in Bangladesh.
Figure 6.
Figure 6.. Some risk factors for the prevalence of bovine brucellosis in Bangladesh.
Figure 7.
Figure 7.. Major challenges and future perspectives to fight the bovine brucellosis in Bangladesh.
Figure 8.
Figure 8.. The way forward to public health implications for the bovine brucellosis in Bangladesh.
Figure 9.
Figure 9.. Advancements and initiatives for diagnosis of bovine brucellosis in Bangladesh.
Figure 10.
Figure 10.. Financial losses (in Million Euro) associated with various species of ruminants due to bovine brucellosis from 2013-23.
Figure 11.
Figure 11.. The economic impact of bovine brucellosis in Bangladesh.
Figure 12.
Figure 12.. One Health approach for fighting Brucellosis in Bangladesh.
Figure 13.
Figure 13.. Research trend analysis of bovine brucellosis in Bangladesh.
Figure 14.
Figure 14.. The prevalence, distribution, and research on bovine brucellosis are majorly concentrated in the northern part of Bangladesh.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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