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. 2025 Feb 27;74(6):73-82.
doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7406a1.

Interim Estimates of 2024-2025 COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness Among Adults Aged ≥18 Years - VISION and IVY Networks, September 2024-January 2025

Ruth Link-Gelles, Sean Chickery, Alexander Webber, Toan C Ong, Elizabeth A K Rowley, Malini B DeSilva, Kristin Dascomb, Stephanie A Irving, Nicola P Klein, Shaun J Grannis, Michelle A Barron, Sarah E Reese, Charlene McEvoy, Tamara Sheffield, Allison L Naleway, Ousseny Zerbo, Colin Rogerson, Wesley H Self, Yuwei Zhu, Adam S Lauring, Emily T Martin, Ithan D Peltan, Adit A Ginde, Nicholas M Mohr, Kevin W Gibbs, David N Hager, Matthew E Prekker, Amira Mohamed, Nicholas Johnson, Jay S Steingrub, Akram Khan, Jamie R Felzer, Abhijit Duggal, Jennifer G Wilson, Nida Qadir, Christopher Mallow, Jennie H Kwon, Cristie Columbus, Ivana A Vaughn, Basmah Safdar, Jarrod M Mosier, Estelle S Harris, James D Chappell, Natasha Halasa, Cassandra Johnson, Karthik Natarajan, Nathaniel M Lewis, Sascha Ellington, Emily L Reeves, Jennifer DeCuir, Meredith McMorrow, Clinton R Paden, Amanda B Payne, Fatimah S Dawood, Diya Surie; CDC COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness Collaborators
Collaborators, Affiliations

Interim Estimates of 2024-2025 COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness Among Adults Aged ≥18 Years - VISION and IVY Networks, September 2024-January 2025

Ruth Link-Gelles et al. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. .

Abstract

COVID-19 vaccination averted approximately 68,000 hospitalizations during the 2023-24 respiratory season. In June 2024, CDC and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended that all persons aged ≥6 months receive a 2024-2025 COVID-19 vaccine, which targets Omicron JN.1 and JN.1-derived sublineages. Interim effectiveness of 2024-2025 COVID-19 vaccines was estimated against COVID-19-associated emergency department (ED) or urgent care (UC) visits during September 2024-January 2025 among adults aged ≥18 years in one CDC-funded vaccine effectiveness (VE) network, against COVID-19-associated hospitalization in immunocompetent adults aged ≥65 years in two networks, and against COVID-19-associated hospitalization among adults aged ≥65 years with immunocompromising conditions in one network. Among adults aged ≥18 years, VE against COVID-19-associated ED/UC visits was 33% (95% CI = 28%-38%) during the first 7-119 days after vaccination. Among immunocompetent adults aged ≥65 years from two CDC networks, VE estimates against COVID-19-associated hospitalization were 45% (95% CI = 36%-53%) and 46% (95% CI = 26%-60%) during the first 7-119 days after vaccination. Among adults aged ≥65 years with immunocompromising conditions in one network, VE was 40% (95% CI = 21%-54%) during the first 7-119 days after vaccination. These findings demonstrate that vaccination with a 2024-2025 COVID-19 vaccine dose provides additional protection against COVID-19-associated ED/UC encounters and hospitalizations compared with not receiving a 2024-2025 dose and support current CDC and ACIP recommendations that all persons aged ≥6 months receive a 2024-2025 COVID-19 vaccine dose.

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Conflict of interest statement

All authors have completed and submitted the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors form for disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. James D. Chappell reports grants from Merck to study respiratory virus epidemiology among hospitalized children in Jordan. Natasha Halasa reports grants from Merck and participation on a CSL-Seqirus advisory board. Akram Khan reports grant or contract support from Dompe Pharmaceuticals, Direct Biologics, 4D Medical, and Vivacell Bio. Adam S. Lauring reports receipt of grant or contract support and consulting fees from Roche. Ithan D. Peltan reports institutional support from Novartis and Bluejay Diagnostics, and grant support from the National Institutes of Health. Ivana A. Vaughn reports institutional support from eMaxHealth, Eli Lily, and Evidera PPD. Malini B. DeSilva reports institutional support from Westat, Inc. Stephanie A. Irving and Allison L. Naleway report institutional support from Westat for VISION funding. Michelle A. Barron reports payment or honorarium as a speaker bureau participant from Innoviva Specialty Therapeutics. Colin Rogerson reports receipt of an infrastructure grant from Indiana University Health to support the development of an Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership-based database at the Regenstrief Institute. Toan C. Ong reports receipt of consulting fees from Regenstrief Institute for serving as a domain expert in patient matching in global health informatics; travel support from Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) to attend the 2023 PCORI annual meeting; and travel support from Regenstrief to attend the Open Health Information Exchange 23 meeting in Malawi. Nicola P. Klein reports institutional support from Sanofi Pasteur, Merck, Pfizer, Seqirus, and GSK; unpaid membership on an expert panel for a planned Hepatitis E Phase II vaccine clinical trial among pregnant women in Pakistan; unpaid membership on the Western States COVID-19 Scientific Safety Review Workgroup, Board on Population Health and Pubic Health Practice, National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine, and the National Vaccine Advisory Committee Safety Subcommittee. Tamara Sheffield reports unpaid service as chair of the Utah Adult Immunization Coalition, membership on the CDC Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices Influenza Vaccine Work Group, and membership on the Utah Department of Health and Human Services Scientific Advisory Committee on Vaccines. Ousseny Zerbo reports support from Moderna, Pfizer, and the National Institutes of Health to the Kaiser Foundation Research Institute for studies unrelated to the current work. No other potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.

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