Assessment of the GLIDE Score for Prediction of Mild Tricuspid Regurgitation following Tricuspid Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair

Felix Rudolph¹, Akhil Narang², Maria I Körber³, Kai P Friedrichs⁴, Johannes Kirchner⁴, Maria Ivannikova⁴, Paul Cremer², Peter Luedike⁵, Tanja K Rudolph⁴, Tobias Geisler⁶, Tienush Rassaf⁵, Roman Pﬁster³, Fabien Praz⁷, Volker Rudolph⁴, Charles J Davidson², Mohammad Kassar⁸, Muhammed Gerçek⁹

Affiliations

¹ Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany; Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Med. Fakultät OWL (Universität Bielefeld), Bad Oeynhausen, Germany. Electronic address: frudolph@hdz-nrw.de.
² Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
³ Department for Internal Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
⁴ Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany; Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Med. Fakultät OWL (Universität Bielefeld), Bad Oeynhausen, Germany.
⁵ Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
⁶ Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
⁷ Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland.
⁸ Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany; Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Med. Fakultät OWL (Universität Bielefeld), Bad Oeynhausen, Germany; Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland; Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, Switzerland.
⁹ Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany; Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Med. Fakultät OWL (Universität Bielefeld), Bad Oeynhausen, Germany; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

PMID: 40021274
PMCID: PMC11905155
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacadv.2024.101523

Assessment of the GLIDE Score for Prediction of Mild Tricuspid Regurgitation following Tricuspid Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair

Felix Rudolph et al. JACC Adv. 2025 Feb.

. 2025 Feb;4(2):101523.

doi: 10.1016/j.jacadv.2024.101523.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany; Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Med. Fakultät OWL (Universität Bielefeld), Bad Oeynhausen, Germany. Electronic address: frudolph@hdz-nrw.de.
² Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
³ Department for Internal Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
⁴ Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany; Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Med. Fakultät OWL (Universität Bielefeld), Bad Oeynhausen, Germany.
⁵ Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
⁶ Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
⁷ Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland.
⁸ Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany; Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Med. Fakultät OWL (Universität Bielefeld), Bad Oeynhausen, Germany; Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland; Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, Switzerland.
⁹ Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany; Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Med. Fakultät OWL (Universität Bielefeld), Bad Oeynhausen, Germany; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

PMID: 40021274
PMCID: PMC11905155
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacadv.2024.101523

Abstract

Background: The GLIDE Score is an anatomical scoring system designed to predict moderate residual tricuspid regurgitation (TR) immediately following transcatheter tricuspid edge-to-edge repair (T-TEER).

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the GLIDE Score's predictive capability for achieving a postprocedural TR grade of mild or better.

Methods: This retrospective analysis included 336 patients from a multicenter registry who underwent T-TEER between January 2017 and November 2022. Anatomical features were assessed using transesophageal echocardiography to calculate the GLIDE Score, which ranges from 0 to 5. The primary endpoint was a postprocedural TR grade of mild or better, assessed via periprocedural imaging. Outcomes were compared between patients with GLIDE Scores of 0 to 1 and those with scores ≥2 using logistic regression and ROC curve analysis.

Results: Median age was 81 years, with no significant differences in BMI, EuroScore II, or NYHA Class across GLIDE Score cohorts. The GLIDE Score ≥2 cohort had a larger median RV basal diameter (48 mm vs 45 mm, P < 0.001) and more torrential TR cases (35.9% vs 3.1%, P < 0.001). Postprocedural mild TR was achieved in 74.7% of patients with a GLIDE Score of 0 to 1, versus 13.4% in the ≥2 cohort (P < 0.001). Ordinal regression analysis found a strong correlation between the GLIDE Score and postprocedural TR severity (coefficient = 1.41, t = 12.92), with an AUC to predict mild TR of 0.87 (95% CI: 0.83-0.90).

Conclusions: The GLIDE Score is a valuable tool for predicting postprocedural TR severity in T-TEER patients, guiding patient selection and refining treatment strategies.

Keywords: GLIDE score; mild tricuspid regurgitation; procedural success; transcatheter edge-to-edge repair; transcatheter therapy.

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Conflict of interest statement

Funding support and authors disclosures Dr Felix Rudolph has received funding from Bielefeld University (clinician scientist entry fellowship). Dr Narang has received speaker honoraria from Edwards Lifesciences. Dr Friedrichs is consultant for and has received speaker honoraria from Edwards Lifesciences. Dr Ivannikova has received speaker honoraria from Edwards and AstraZeneca. Dr Luedike has received speaker honoraria and consulting fees from AstraZeneca, Bayer, Pfizer, and Edwards Lifesciences; and has received research honoraria from Edwards Lifesciences. Dr Tanja Rudolph has received speaker honoraria from Edwards Lifesciences. Dr Kassar reports research grants from the swiss and german heart foundation. Dr Rassaf has received honoraria, lecture fees, and grant support from Edwards Lifesciences, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Novartis, Berlin Chemie, Daiicho-Sankyo, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novo Nordisk, Cardiac Dimensions, and Pfizer, all unrelated to this work; and he is co-founder of Bimyo GmbH, a company that develops cardioprotective peptides. Dr Pfister has received honorarium for consultation from Edwards Lifescience. Dr Praz has received travel expenses from Abbott Vascular, Edwards Lifesciences, Polares Medical, and Siemens Healthineers. Dr Volker Rudolph has received grants and speaker honoraria from Abbott and Edwards Lifesciences. Dr Davidson has received grants from Abbott and Edwards Lifesciences; is an uncompensated consultant for Edwards Lifesciences; and has received honoraria from Philips Healthcare. Muhammed Gercek has received funding from the Ruhr University Bochum (advanced clinician scientist grant) and speaker honoraria from Edwards Lifesciences. All other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose.

Figures

**Figure 1**
**Percentage of Postprocedural TR Grade of Mild Depending on GLIDE Score** The GLIDE Score was assessed based on anatomical features derived from preprocedural transesophageal echocardiography in 336 patients. pts. = points; TR = tricuspid regurgitation.

**Figure 2**
**ROC Curve for the GLIDE Score to Predict Mild TR after T-TEER** AUC = area under the curve.

**Central Illustration**
**The GLIDE Score for Prediction of Mild Tricuspid Regurgitation Following Tricuspid Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair** TR = tricuspid regurgitation.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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Assessment of the GLIDE Score for Prediction of Mild Tricuspid Regurgitation following Tricuspid Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair

Affiliations

Assessment of the GLIDE Score for Prediction of Mild Tricuspid Regurgitation following Tricuspid Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

Figures

References

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