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. 2025 Feb 28;44(1):55.
doi: 10.1186/s41043-024-00704-2.

Geo-demographic and socioeconomic determinants of diagnosed hypertension among urban dwellers in Ibadan, Nigeria: a community-based study

Olalekan J Taiwo  1 , Joshua O Akinyemi  2 , Ayodeji Adebayo  3 , Oluwafemi A Popoola  3 , Rufus O Akinyemi  4   5   6 , Onoja M Akpa  2 , Paul Olowoyo  7   8 , Akinkunmi P Okekunle  6 , Ezinne O Uvere  5   6   9 , Chukwuemeka Nwimo  2   3 , Omotolani Titilayo Ajala  5   6 , Olayinka Adebajo  5   6 , Adewale E Ayodele  5   6 , Ayodeji Salami  10 , Oyedunni S Arulogun  9 , Olanrewaju Olaniyan  11 , Richard W Walker  12 , Carolyn Jenkins  13 , Bruce Ovbiagele  14 , Mayowa Owolabi  15   16   17   18
Affiliations

Geo-demographic and socioeconomic determinants of diagnosed hypertension among urban dwellers in Ibadan, Nigeria: a community-based study

Olalekan J Taiwo et al. J Health Popul Nutr. .

Abstract

Background: The relationship between diagnosed high blood pressure (HBP) and proximity to health facilities and noise sources is poorly understood. We investigated the associations between the number of persons diagnosed with HBP at different distance corridors of noise-generating sources (churches, mosques, bus stops, and road networks), and blood pressure monitoring outlets (healthcare facilities and pharmaceutical shops) in Ibadan, Nigeria. In addition, we investigated the likelihood of being diagnosed with HBP using distance from noise-generating sources, distance to blood pressure monitoring outlets, socio-demographic and clinical status of the participants.

Methods: We investigated 13,531 adults from the African Rigorous Innovative Stroke Epidemiological Surveillance (ARISES) study in Ibadan. Using a Geographic Information System (GIS), the locations of healthcare facilities, pharmaceutical shops, bus stops, churches, and mosques were buffered at 100 m intervals, and coordinates of persons diagnosed with HBP were overlaid on the buffered features. The number of persons with diagnosed HBP living at every 100 m interval was estimated. Gender, occupation, marital status, educational status, type of housing, age, and income were used as predictor variables. Analysis was conducted using Spearman rank correlation and binary logistic regression at p < 0.05.

Results: There was a significant inverse relationship between the number of persons diagnosed with HBP and distance from pharmaceutical shops (r=-0.818), churches (r=-0.818), mosques (r=-0.893) and major roads (r= -0.667). The odds of HBP were higher among the unemployed (AOR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.11-2.24), currently married (AOR = 1.45, CI: 1.11-1.89), and previously married (1.75, CI: 1.29-2.38). The odds of diagnosed HBP increased with educational level and age group.

Conclusion: Proximity to noise sources, being unemployed and educational level were associated with diagnosed HBP. Reduction in noise generation, transmission, and exposure could reduce the burden of hypertension in urban settings.

Keywords: Faith-based organisations; High blood pressure; Ibadan; Noise; Spatial analysis.

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Conflict of interest statement

Ethics declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Used secondary data diagnosed hypertension and the data collection tools had Informed consent which was obtained from all subjects involved in the study. Ethics approval was not required for other remotely sensed data since they are in the public domain. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The selected administrative wards (Urban DSS) in Ibadan, Oyo State
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Kernel density estimation of diagnosed HBP
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Update of

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