Evaluating large language models in pediatric nephrology

Guido Filler^{1

2}, Olivier Niel^{3

4}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Paediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Children's Hospital of Western Ontario, University of Western Ontario, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada. guido.filler@lhsc.on.ca.
² Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada. guido.filler@lhsc.on.ca.
³ Pediatric Nephrology, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg - KannerKlinik, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
⁴ Faculty of Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.

Editorial

Guido Filler et al. Pediatr Nephrol. 2025 Sep.

. 2025 Sep;40(9):2717-2719.

doi: 10.1007/s00467-025-06729-x. Epub 2025 Mar 1.

Guido Filler^{1

2}, Olivier Niel^{3

4}

¹ Department of Paediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Children's Hospital of Western Ontario, University of Western Ontario, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada. guido.filler@lhsc.on.ca.
² Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada. guido.filler@lhsc.on.ca.
³ Pediatric Nephrology, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg - KannerKlinik, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
⁴ Faculty of Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.

No abstract available

Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

1. Filler G, Gipson DS, Iyamuremye D, Gonzalez D, de Ferris ME (2023) Artificial intelligence in pediatric nephrology-a call for action. Adv Kidney Dis Health 30:17–24. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2023.01.002 - DOI - PubMed
1. Sav NM (2025) Assessing the performance of large language models (GPT-3.5 and GPT-4) in accurate clinical information for pediatric nephrology. Pediatr Nephrol. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-025-01234-5
1. Daungsupawong H, Wiwanitkit V (2025) Re: “Basal knowledge in the field of pediatric nephrology and its enhancement following specific training of ChatGPT-4 ‘omni’ and Gemini 1.5 Flash.” Pediatr Nephrol 40:285. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-024-06511-5 - DOI - PubMed
1. Niel O, Bastard P, Boussard C, Hogan J, Kwon T, Deschenes G (2018) Artificial intelligence outperforms experienced nephrologists to assess dry weight in pediatric patients on chronic hemodialysis. Pediatr Nephrol 33:1799–1803. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-018-4013-5 - DOI - PubMed
1. Niel O, Bastard P (2019) Artificial intelligence in nephrology: core concepts, clinical applications, and perspectives. Am J Kidney Dis 74:803–810. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2019.05.020 - DOI - PubMed