2025 European guideline on the management of Chlamydia trachomatis infections

John A White¹, Nicole Htm Dukers-Muijrers^{2

3}, Christian Jpa Hoebe^{3

4

5}, Chris R Kenyon⁶, Jonathan Dc Ross⁷, Magnus Unemo^{8

9}

Affiliations

¹ Northern and Western Health & Social Care Trusts, Londonderry, UK.
² Department of Health Promotion, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
³ Department of Sexual Health, Infectious Diseases and Environmental Health, Living Lab. Public Health Mosa, South Limburg Public Health Service, Heerlen, the Netherlands.
⁴ Department of Social Medicine, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
⁵ Department of Medical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Infection Prevention, Dutch National Chlamydia trachomatis Reference Laboratory, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), Maastricht, the Netherlands.
⁶ Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
⁷ University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
⁸ WHO Collaborating Centre for Gonorrhoea and other Sexually Transmitted Infections, National Reference Laboratory for Sexually Transmitted Infections, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
⁹ Institute for Global Health, University College London (UCL), London, UK.

PMID: 40037375
DOI: 10.1177/09564624251323678

Practice Guideline

2025 European guideline on the management of Chlamydia trachomatis infections

John A White et al. Int J STD AIDS. 2025 May.

. 2025 May;36(6):434-449.

doi: 10.1177/09564624251323678. Epub 2025 Mar 4.

Authors

John A White¹, Nicole Htm Dukers-Muijrers^{2

3}, Christian Jpa Hoebe^{3

4

5}, Chris R Kenyon⁶, Jonathan Dc Ross⁷, Magnus Unemo^{8

9}

Affiliations

¹ Northern and Western Health & Social Care Trusts, Londonderry, UK.
² Department of Health Promotion, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
³ Department of Sexual Health, Infectious Diseases and Environmental Health, Living Lab. Public Health Mosa, South Limburg Public Health Service, Heerlen, the Netherlands.
⁴ Department of Social Medicine, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
⁵ Department of Medical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Infection Prevention, Dutch National Chlamydia trachomatis Reference Laboratory, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), Maastricht, the Netherlands.
⁶ Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
⁷ University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
⁸ WHO Collaborating Centre for Gonorrhoea and other Sexually Transmitted Infections, National Reference Laboratory for Sexually Transmitted Infections, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
⁹ Institute for Global Health, University College London (UCL), London, UK.

PMID: 40037375
DOI: 10.1177/09564624251323678

Abstract

Sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis infections remain common globally and most frequently are asymptomatic. The 2025 European C. trachomatis guideline provides up-to-date guidance regarding indications for testing and treatment of C. trachomatis infections. It includes advice on urogenital and extragenital C. trachomatis testing including the use of self-collected specimens; recommendation to use only validated NAATs for diagnosis; and recommendation to treat all C. trachomatis infections with doxycycline as first line in preference to single-dose azithromycin regimens. The absence of evidence and limited value of broad screening in asymptomatic populations for C. trachomatis infections is also discussed.

Keywords: Chlamydia trachomatis; Europe; antibiotic; diagnosis; treatment.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of conflicting interestsThe author(s) declared the following potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: JW works part time as a Medical Director for Preventx Ltd, a UK-based company providing home sampling tests for blood borne viruses and STIs, including C. trachomatis. JR reports personal fees from GSK Pharma and ownership of shares in GSK Pharma and AstraZeneca Pharma. Other authors: none declared.

Publication types

Actions

MeSH terms

Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions

Substances

Actions
Actions
Actions

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources
- Atypon
- Ovid Technologies, Inc.
Medical
- MedlinePlus Health Information

Save citation to file

Email citation

Add to Collections

Add to My Bibliography

Your saved search

Create a file for external citation management software

Your RSS Feed

2025 European guideline on the management of Chlamydia trachomatis infections

Affiliations

2025 European guideline on the management of Chlamydia trachomatis infections

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Medical