4th generation of warfare agents - Novichoks: Threats, problems, challenges for the security of the armed forces and civilian population

Abstract

This publication explores the characteristics, threats, and challenges posed by fourth-generation chemical warfare agents - Novichoks. These highly toxic agents, recently introduced to the international security landscape, represent a significant risk not only to military forces, but also to civilian populations, especially in the context of potential terrorist attacks. The study examines the molecular structure, toxicity, and physiological effects of Novichoks, underscoring their resistance to conventional decontamination methods and their rapid, severe impact on human health. Through the case studies, including the poisoning incidents involving Sergei Skripal, Alexei Navalny, and other high-profile cases, this publication illustrates the real-world implications of these agents in acts of targeted violence. It also discusses the international regulatory measures established by organizations such as the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) and highlights EU and NATO policies aimed at preventing the proliferation and use of Novichoks and similar agents.

Keywords: Chemical security; Chemical warfare agents; Decontamination; Nerve agents; Novichoks.