Current Evidence for Caries Prevention and Enamel Remineralization

Abstract

Caries prevention and enamel remineralization are two critical facets of oral health that involve a multifaceted approach. Prevention strategies reduce the incidence of new caries, whereas remineralization treatments address existing caries in early stages of mineral loss. Fluoride in different forms, such as water fluoridation, toothpaste, rinses, varnish, and trays, can prevent caries and remineralize affected tooth structure but may have potential health considerations at high dosages. Hydroxyapatite is added to some toothpastes with limited evidence of prevention but possible advantages for remineralization. Additionally, antimicrobial agents can be used to reduce caries-causing bacteria and may prevent caries development and progression. Non-operative methods for remineralization or repair of incipient lesions offer conservation options for restoring teeth.