The ongoing challenge of prevention of pertussis in infants: what's new in 2024?

Abstract

Introduction: Pertussis, a respiratory disease caused primarily by Bordetella pertussis, is undergoing a resurgence despite decades of high rates of vaccination. The prevention of pertussis in infants presents several challenges, including the waning immunity of the acellular pertussis (aP) vaccine, the limited protection afforded to newborns before they complete the vaccine series, and the existence of gaps in maternal vaccination. Furthermore, the unwillingness or refusal of a considerable number of individuals, including some healthcare workers, to receive vaccinations represents another significant challenge.

Areas covered: This narrative review provides an updated overview of the ongoing challenge of preventing pertussis in infants and discusses some possible solutions.

Expert opinion: The ongoing challenge of preventing pertussis in infants is multifaceted. To address these challenging issues, a multi-pronged approach is required. This approach should be designed to address various barriers and increase uptake. It should include measures to strengthen maternal vaccination programs, ensure timely infant vaccinations, improve public education, and continue research into more effective vaccines with longer-lasting immunity.

Keywords: Herd immunity; infants; maternal vaccination; misinformation; novel vaccines; pertussis; vaccine hesitancy; waning immunity.