Adult pulmonary blastoma

Abstract

Pulmonary blastoma, a rare and aggressive primary lung tumour, poses diagnostic challenges due to its vague clinical presentation and rarity. Here, we outline the case of a chronic smoker in his 50s presenting with cough and blood-tinged sputum. Radiological assessment revealed a mass lesion in the left upper lobe. Despite inconclusive findings from a conventional Computed Tomography (CTguided biopsy, surgical resection ultimately led to the diagnosis of biphasic pulmonary blastoma. Subsequent histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry (IHC) confirmed the diagnosis, prompting the initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy postoperatively. This case emphasises the importance of thorough diagnostic evaluation, including histopathology and IHC, in guiding treatment decisions for pulmonary blastoma. Furthermore, it highlights the necessity for further research to establish optimal management approaches for this rare malignancy.

Keywords: Cancer intervention; Lung cancer (oncology); Malignant disease and immunosuppression; Respiratory system.