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. 2025 Mar 8;24(1):59.
doi: 10.1186/s12904-025-01697-3.

The multidimensional orientation toward dying and death inventory: cross-cultural translation and validated in Mainland China participants

Yazhou Wang #  1 , Yuanheng Li #  1 , Yuzhuo Xie #  1 , Yuwei Zhang  1 , Jingzhi Wang  1 , Jiaqi Guo  1 , Jiajun Shi  1 , Mingxue Ma  1 , Lu Zhao  1 , Mingli Jiao  2
Affiliations

The multidimensional orientation toward dying and death inventory: cross-cultural translation and validated in Mainland China participants

Yazhou Wang et al. BMC Palliat Care. .

Abstract

Background: The negative impact of over-treatment in end-of-life individuals has led to attention to the value of death. Reassessing the attitude of death and dying can improve care and improve the quality of life. Therefore, the use of multidimensional tools to comprehensively assess the attitudes of individuals on dying and death, identify attitude tendencies and causes meaningful, and evaluate the effectiveness of the tools is an important prerequisite.

Objectives: We aimed to obtain MODDI-F-C through cross-cultural translation and to evaluate its psychometric characteristics among mainland China participants.

Methods: In order to obtain MODDI-F-C, a cross-cultural translation of MODDI- F/eng was performed using the Brislin model. The items quality, factor structure, reliability and validity were assessed among 2105 participants from mainland China. The concurrent validity was assessed using the Chinese version of DAP-R for the first time.

Results: MODDI-F-C consists of 27 items, and five common factors were identified through factor analysis, accounting for 56.79% of the overall variance.The total consistency coefficient was 0.949.The correlation coefficient between DAP-R-C-Z and the overall scale was 0.55 (p < 0.001), between DAP - R-C - Z and the subscale 0.37-0.56 (p < 0.001).Most of the methods used for psychometric evaluation meet acceptable criteria.

Conclusions: Our research has initially confirmed that MODDI-F-C is an effective tool to evaluate the fear dimension of death and dying attitude, which can identify individuals' tendencies and causes related to dying and death. However, the acceptance dimension needs further assessment.

Keywords: Death attitudes; Mainland China; Multidimensional orientation toward dying and death inventory; Psychometric assessment.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Ethics of approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Harbin Medical University (Project identification Code: KY2020-162). Participants received an informed consent before responding. Minor participants must obtain informed consent from their guardians before answering. Informed consent was obtained from all participants, and for minor participants, informed consent was obtained from their legal guardians. Participants are anonymous and can opt out at any time. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The cross-cultural translation procedure for MODDI-F-C
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The results of criterion-related validity for MODDI-F-C (N = 2105)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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