Perinatal factors and seizure disorders: an epidemiologic review

Abstract

In this review, we assess the following six aspects of the epidemiological literature addressing the association between perinatal factors and seizure disorders (mainly of the grand mal type): (1) study design; (2) selection of cases; (3) selection of controls; (4) definition and ascertainment method of seizures; (5) definition and ascertainment method of perinatal factors; (6) sample size and power. Needed are studies of perinatal factors in a homogeneous group of seizure patients, such as those with grand mal seizures. Because of the rarity of the seizure disorder, most follow-up studies of this subject suffer from inadequate sample size. Improvements are suggested for case-control studies, which appear, by necessity, to be the more appropriate design.