Experiences and expectations of patients with obesity 3 months after metabolic and bariatric surgery: a qualitative study

Abstract

Objectives: Patients experience significant physical and psychological changes within the first 3 months post-surgery, yet few studies focus on patient experiences during the early postoperative period. This study aimed to explore the patient experiences and expectations for nursing follow-up during the home recovery period following metabolic and bariatric surgery.

Design: A qualitative descriptive study design was used. Participants were selected using a purposive sampling method, and semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data, which then were analysed using the content analysis method.

Setting: The study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in eastern China.

Participants: 21 patients (8 men and 13 women; aged 18-51 years) who received metabolic and bariatric surgery were included, with 16 within 3 months post-surgery and 5 beyond 3 months.

Results: Four themes emerged: (1) Physical and psychological rehabilitation: patients were enthusiastic and motivated about their physical recovery and mental well-being. (2) Stress and challenges: patients encountered various pressures and challenges, especially in dietary transitions and emotional management. (3) Adjustment and adaptation: patients were committed to managing discomfort and developing healthy dieting strategies through personal effort and diverse support. (4) Expectations for comprehensive support: patients desire comprehensive support and services from healthcare providers.

Conclusions: Healthcare providers should focus on the early postoperative experiences of patients and deliver personalised health education and emotional support to help them navigate the postoperative adaptation and ultimately achieve long-term health goals.

Keywords: Bariatric Surgery; Health Education; Obesity; QUALITATIVE RESEARCH.