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Review
. 2023 Jan 6;5(1):14-20.
doi: 10.1016/j.bsheal.2023.01.001. eCollection 2023 Feb.

The prevalence and distribution of aminoglycoside resistance genes

Yuan Zhang  1 , Ning Zhang  1   2 , Mengyu Wang  1   3 , Ming Luo  4 , Yao Peng  1 , Zhenpeng Li  1 , Jialiang Xu  2 , Meiling Ou  2 , Biao Kan  1   3 , Xu Li  2 , Xin Lu  1
Affiliations
Review

The prevalence and distribution of aminoglycoside resistance genes

Yuan Zhang et al. Biosaf Health. .

Abstract

Choosing the appropriate antibiotics to treat bacterial infections has grown more challenging as a result of the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Aminoglycosides, as broad-spectrum antibiotics, are increasingly being used clinically; however, for most effective employment of aminoglycosides, a comprehensive understanding of aminoglycoside resistance genes' prevalence and dissemination is required. Therefore, to better understand the global resistance status of aminoglycoside antibiotics and the prevalence of antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) in various bacterial species, this systematic review gathered relevant data from multiple studies. Two primary resistance mechanisms-aminoglycoside enzymatic modification and 16S rRNA methylation-were assessed, and the prevalence of the corresponding ARGs was described. The coexistence of aminoglycoside ARGs with other ARGs was also demonstrated, as was the relationship between aminoglycoside ARGs and resistant phenotypes. The lack of effective therapeutic agents to combat resistant pathogens presents a real threat to public health. The combination of aminoglycosides with other antibiotics may provide a novel treatment strategy.

Keywords: 16S rRNA methylation enzyme; Aminoglycoside; Aminoglycoside modifying enzyme; Aminoglycoside resistance; Aminoglycoside resistance gene.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Distribution and frequency of aminoglycoside-resistant strains. The darker the color, the greater the quantity of reports. A) Both aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (AME) genotypes and 16S rRNA methylase genotypes; B) AME genotypes; C) 16S rRNA methylase genotypes.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Heatmap of the distribution of aminoglycoside-modified enzyme genes in strains isolated from human (left) and non-human (right) strains. Every grid indicates the frequency for each gene and pathogen type reported in articles. The darker the color, the greater the frequency.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Heatmap of the distribution of 16S rRNA methylase genes in strains isolated from human (left) and non-human (right) strains. Every grid indicates the frequency for each gene and pathogen type reported in articles. The darker the color, the greater the frequency.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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